Plant Kingdom Test - 14

The pigments that give class-Rhodophyceae (red algae) its distinctive red colour is chlorophyll-a, d. These pigments are photosynthetic in nature and are located in the chromatophores. The other pigments present are β-carotene, xanthophylls, phycocyanin (blue in colour) and biliprotein (r-phycoerythrin-red in colour).

The dominant stage in Spirogyra is the gametophytic stage. The sporophyte is a single celled zygote.

Mosses and ferns belong to bryophytes and pteridophytes respectively. In bryophytes, the dominant phase in the life cycle is the gametophytic plant body. However, in pteridophytes, the main plant body is a sporophyte, which is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves. These organs possess well - differentiated vascular tissues.

Ectocarpus, Dictyota, Laminaria, Sargassum, and Fucus belong to the class Phaeophyceae.

Sphagnum is used as fuel. It has the capacity to retain water for long periods and as such used to cover the plant roots during transportation.

Laminaria belong to the class Phaeophyceae. Plant body of Laminaria is generally attached to the substratum by a holdfast which has a stalk, the stipe and frond which is the photosynthetic organ.

Peristome is a ring of teeth around the opening of the capsule in mosses (Funarid). It is involved in spore dispersal.

Fern plant is a diploid sporophyte.

In Cycas, seeds are naked because they are not covered by ovary.

Bryophytes are different from fungi in having sterile jacket layers.

Equisetum, commonly known as 'horsetail', is found with about 25 species all over the world except Australia and New Zealand, and is mostly inhabitant of the cool and temperate regions.

Fertilisation requires water.

The haploid gametophyte is long lived, dominant, independent and green whereas the diploid sporophyte is dependent upon the gametophyte and short lived.

Spirogyra can reproduce vegetatively as well as sexually. Each cell of the plant body is capable of division. The increase in body length is due to the division of each cell of the body.

Cephaleuros virescens is a member of class chlorophyceae and causes red rust of tea leaf (Thea sinensis).

The number of chromosomes of the second generation will be same because no reduction division takes place.

Female sex organ is called archegonium which is flask shaped with a tubular neck and a swollen venter.

Alginic acid is a phycocolloid, extracted commercially from giant brown algae or kelp. Alginic acid is copolymer of α−1, 4 D-mannuronic acid and α−1, 4 L-glucuronic acid.

Zygote secreting a thick wall which acts as perennating spore (zygospore) and helps in perennation, dispersal and multiplication.

Sago is stored as starch and in absence of photosynthesis will be used by the plant.