Plant Kingdom Test - 17

Agar is derived from polysaccharide agarose present in specific species of algae. These algae are known as agarophytes and belong to phylum Rhodophyta. It is a red algae. The nature of agar is gelatinous. The gelling agent in agar is an unbranched polysaccharide obtained from the cell walls of some species of red algae, primarily from the genera Gelidium and Gracilaria. For commercial purposes, it is derived primarily from Gelidium amansii. In chemical terms, agar is a polymer made up of subunits of the sugar galactose. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

A sorus is a cluster of sporangia in ferns and fungi.In ferns, these form a yellowish or brownish mass on the edge or underside of a fertile frond

Bryophytes are gametophyte dominant, meaning that the more prominent, longer-lived plant is the haploid gametophyte. The diploid sporophytes appear only occasionally and remain attached to and nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte.

Megasporophyll bears megasporangia. In seed plants, the female gametophyte is produced inside the megasporangium. Fertilization and embryo formation occur there. In angiosperm, the megasporophyll is rolled to produce a carpel.

• Chondrus crispus commonly called Irish moss or carrageen moss is a species of red algae that grows abundantly along with the rocky parts of the Atlantic coast of Europe and North America.   
• Irish moss can work wonders for congestion and mucous and holds anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties.
• So, the correct answer is "Chondrus'.

The term alternation of generations is used to describe a process in the life cycle of some eukaryotes. It describes an alternation in forms which occurs in plants and some protists. One form is diploid, with 2n chromosomes: the sporophyte. The other form is haploid with only one set of chromosomes: the gametophyte. So, the correct option is "C" (Diplo-haplobiontic).

Peat, also known as turf, is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetaation or organic matter.Sphagnum "moss", also called peat moss, is one of the most common components in peat, although many other plants can contribute.

• Homosporous plants are those which produce spores of one kind only that are not differentiated by sex. The spores of homosporous plants grow into bisexual gametophytes, producing both male and female gametes.
• Lycopodium is a genus of clubmosses, belonging to the family Lycopodiaceae. It contains kidney-shaped or reniform sporangia which contain spores of one kind only (homosporous) and are borne on the upper surface of the leaf blade of specialized leaves (sporophylls).
• Equisetum is the only living genus belonging to the family Equisetaceae. They are mostly homosporous, in which spores are borne under sporangiophores.

So, the correct answer is 'Lycopodium, Equisetum'.