Plant Kingdom Test - 53

The members of Rhodophyceae are commonly called red algae because of the predominance of the red pigment r-phycoerythin in their body. Apart from this, other major pigments found in them are chlorophyll a and chlorophyll d.

Epizoic is the condition where an organism grows or lives non parasitically on the exterior of a living animal. Hence algae growing on animal bodies and shells are epizoic - option (A)

• Aplanospores are nonmotile thin-walled asexual spores found in certain algae and fungi.
• They are formed from a part of a protoplast of a vegetative cell. 
•  Aplanospores consists of a cell wall, which is different from the original parental cell wall, allowing the survival of the organism in harsh conditions. Hence, Thin-walled non flagellated spores are Aplanospores.
• So, the correct answer is "Aplanospores'.

• Bryophytes - nonvascular and nonflowering
• Algae - Nonvascular Cryptogams
• Gymnosperms - Vascular seed-bearing plants
• Angiosperms- Vascular seed-bearing plants.
• Pteridophytes- Vascular and nonseed bearing plants

Correct Option: C

Explanation:

Diplontic life cycle:

• The diplontic life cycle refers to an organism's life cycle that is dominated by the diploid stage. Plants and algae exhibit alternation of generation. All plants that reproduce sexually alternate between two multicellular phases, namely haploid gametophytes and diploid sporophytes.
• The diploid stage, or sporophyte, is the dominant and autonomous stage of the plant in the diplontic life cycle, performing photosynthesis. Single-cell gametes or few celled gametophytes indicate the haploid phase.
• Mitosis generally happens during the diploid stage, i.e. meiosis produces zygote and gametes.

Haplontic life cycle:

• The haploid gametophyte is the dominant stage.
• The diploid sporophyte is exclusively represented by the diploid zygote.
• The zygote splits meiotically to produce haploid cells, which then divide again to form multicellular haploid creatures by mitosis.
• The diploid stage is not self-sustaining.
• Green algae, such as Volvox, Spirogyra, and Chlamydomonas, are examples.

Haplo-diplontic life cycle:

• Both haploid and diploid phases are present in this case.
• In some, the gametophyte is the dominant and free-living phase, whereas the sporophyte is a tiny and short-lived phase that is dependent on gametophytes, such as Bryophytes.

Hence, zygotic meiosis occurs in Chlamydomonas, as it follows the haplontic life cycle.

Bog moss is Sphagnum which is a bryophyte. It is also known as true moss.  Reindeer moss is a lichen, Club moss is a pteridophyte and Irish moss is a red alga.