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Plant Kingdom Test - 90

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Plant Kingdom Test - 90
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Red algae is red due to the presence of
    Solution
    R-Phycoerythrin is a protein that belongs to the phycobiliprotein family and acts as an accessory pigment for photosynthesis in Rhodophyta. The red pigment R-phycoerythrin can absorb the blue-green spectrum of light from the deep seas along with chlorophyll-a for photosynthesis. In deep waters, more phycoerythrin is formed as compared to chlorophyll making the red algae look more red.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Change in colour of algae, according to depth in sea is called as
    Solution
    Colour of blue green algae changes according to depth in sea this is called as Gaudikov's effect. Under normal conditions of growth and almost steady light intensities their color remains the same, however as the intensities if light change or vary they exhibit a drastic change in color. This occurs with change in intensities of the incident light with changing depths of the water body.
    So, the correct answer is 'Gaudikov's effect'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    "Carrageenan" is obtained from
    Solution
    Carrageenan / Irish Moss or Chondrus crispus is a red macro alga/seaweed. Carrageenan has long been known for its gelling properties and it is one of the industrial sources of carrageenan which is commonly used as a thickener and stabilizer in milk products, i.e., ice cream and processed foods.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Cephaleuros, which causes "Red rust of tea" is a
    Solution
    The genus Cephaleuros is a member of the Trentepohliales and a unique order, Chlorophyta, which contains the photosynthetic organisms known as green algae. Cephaleuros species are parasites of higher plants. The disease is called as an algal leaf spot, algal fruit spot, and green scurf; Cephaleuros infections on tea and coffee plants have been called as red rust. These are aerophilic, filamentous green algae. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Sea weeds belongs to
    Solution
    Seaweeds belongs to brown algae. The richest area of brown seaweed with its accompanying abundant animal life is kelp forests which are found in temperate water. Some of the most common brown seaweeds of Indian coast are Sargassum, Turbinaria, Padina, Dictyota.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    When a group of algal cells are imprisoned in fungal mycelium and whole of this group is then used for vegetative multiplication of a lichen, it is called as
    Solution
    Soredium is small body, consisting of a core of algal cells surrounded by fungal hyphae, that functions as a structure of vegetative propagation in lichens. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    A leafy gametophyte plant with multicellular rhizoids and sporophyte differentiated in foot, seta and capsule should belong to
    Solution
    The Bryophytes are not differentiated into true leaf, stem and roots but they have similar structure. They possess hair like rhizoids, which fix them to substratum. In absence of roots, thallus absorb water and minerals directly from ground or atmosphere. Hence, they can thrive only on moist places. In the above options the right option is Bryopsida. Hepatocopsida is the class of Bryophytes, which have dorsiventrally flattened lobed plant body with unicellular rhizoids. The other two classes belongs to division Pteridophyta.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Gametophyte of Pteridophytes are
    Solution
    Correct option - A
    Explanation for correct option - 
    • The gametophyte is the haploid stage of the pteridophyte life - cycle. 
    • In it, the spores are produced by meiosis, and by the process of mitosis, the free-living gametophyte generation forms gametes. the gametophyte produced is called a thallus. It has both male and female sex organs in it. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Sex organ in bryophytes are
    Solution
    Correct option - C
    The explanation for correct option -
    • In bryophytes, the sex organs are multicellular and jacketed.
    • The male sex organ is called antheridia and the female sex organ as archegonia. 
    • Antheridia produces sperms and archegonia contains egg or oosphere. They are jacketed and multicellular. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Agar-agar, a mucilaginous substance occurs in the cell walls of
    Solution
    Agar is used for everything from food preparation, cosmetics, research labs, fertilizers and animal feed additives.
    The best quality agar is extracted from red algae species Gelidium and is harvested around the world. Agars of lesser quality is extracted from the Gracilaria and Hypnea species. 
    Gelidium and Gracilaria (also known as agar-agar) account for most of the raw material used for the extraction of agar. Gelidium is a higher quality agar.
    Gracilaria is one of the most ancient stabilizers used in food.
    Gelidium grows best where there is rapid water movement. Depending on the species, it can be found in water from two meters to 20 meters in depth. Gelidium prefers rocky areas with steep slopes and is rarely found on muddy or sandy bottoms. It prefers partial shade and maybe bleached by full intensity light in tropical latitudes. It usually grows best at 15 to 20$$^o$$C, but it can tolerate higher temperatures. It can also survive in low nutrient conditions, and some species adapt to low or high salinity.
    Gracilaria species were once considered unsuitable for agar production because the quality of the agar was poor (gel strength too low).
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