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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 10

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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 10
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Thickening of trunk in woody plants is due to
    Solution
    Cambium is the layer of actively dividing cells between xylem and phloem tissues that is responsible for the secondary growth of stems and roots. The cambium produces new layers of phloem on the outside and of xylem on the inside, thus increasing the diameter of the stem. In woody plants, this process produces wood and shapes the plant into a tree with a thickened trunk. Apical and intercalary meristems involve in elongation of plants. Epidermis is the outermost layer of plants which does not cause thickening of the trunk. So, option A is correct.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of these tissues causes growth in plants?
    Solution
    Meristematic tissues present in plants include groups of continuously dividing cells. There are four types of meristematic tissues. According to their position in the plant, they are classified as-
    1. Apical meristem- They are located at the root and stem apices and increase the length of plant.
    2. Intercalary meristem: It is present in the permanent tissues.
    3. Lateral Meristem- They are located parallel to the sides of formation and form the secondary permanent tissues. They play a role in increasing the plant thickness.
    Thus the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Formation of periderm is the function of
    Solution
    The cork cambium is the lateral meristem which causes secondary growth and replaces the epidermis of the roots and stems upon maturation. Vascular cambium gives rise to new vascular tissue in plants. The vascular tissues are tubes that transport water and nutrients up and down the plant. So, option B is correct.


  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which tissue causes an increase in length of the plant?
    Solution
    Apical meristem is the primary meristem that is present at the tip of root or shoot and helps to increase the primary length of a plant by periclinal division and appear early in the life of a plant.
    So the correct option is 'Apical meristem'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The position of root apex/root apical meristem is
    Solution
    • The root apex in plants is a positively geotropic and negatively phototropic part of a plant.
    • At the terminal region of the root apex is a cup-like or a thimble-like structure called the root cap which is formed from calyptrogen (specialized internal meristematic cells).
    • The root apex is protected by this root cap.
    • The root apex is sub-terminal (not precisely at the tip) because of the presence of the root cap.
    So, the correct answer is 'Sub-terminal'
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is responsible for secondary growth in woody plants?
    Solution
    Xylem and phloem are permanent vascular tissues while pith serves in storage and transport of nutrients. The vascular cambium (lateral meristem) has thin walled highly vacuolated cells of two types, the fusiform initials and the ray initials. The fusiform initials are the elongated cells that give rise to secondary xylem and secondary phloem which in turn increase the girth of plants. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The most common ground tissue in plants is
    Solution
    Parenchyma is a versatile ground tissue that generally constitutes the "filler" tissue in soft parts of plants. It forms, among other things, the cortex and pith of stems, the cortex of roots, the mesophyll of leaves, the pulp of fruits, and the endosperm of seeds. Parenchyma cells are living cells and may remain meristematic at maturity—meaning that they are capable of cell division if stimulated. They have thin and flexible cellulose cell walls, and are generally polyhedral when close-packed, but can be roughly spherical when isolated from their neighbours. They have large central vacuoles, which allow the cells to store and regulate ions, waste products, and water. Tissue specialised for food storage is commonly formed of parenchyma cells.
     So, the correct answer is 'Parenchyma'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    A conjoint vascular bundle is one in which xylem and phloem are
    Solution
    The conjoint vascular bundle is just an arrangement how the vascular bundle i.e. the combination of xylem and phloem is arranged. Here the xylem and phloem are arranged together in the same radius. Conjoint vascular bundles are seen in stem and leaves. They serve the primary purpose as any other vascular bundle for transmitting sugar, nutrients, water etc across the plant. They are divided into three categories i.e. collateral, bi-collateral and concentric vascular bundles. In a conjoint arrangement, the xylem is found in the interior while phloem is towards exterior and called adaxial and abaxial respectively.
    So, the correct answer is 'Joined together'.

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Laticiferous vessels are found in
    Solution
    Laticiferous vessels are the specialized thin walled parenchymatous cells that secrete latex and are found in the cortex. They lack pits and are composed of cellulose and hemicelluloses and serve to secrete latex. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Cortex.'
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Endodermis is part of
    Solution
    Secondary growth refers to addition of extra amount of tissue in the stelar and extrastelar region due to activity of lateral meristem i.e., vascular cambium (fascicular cambium) and cork cambium respectively. Secondary growth in extra stelar zone extends from hypodermis to endodermis and made up of primary tissues during primary growth. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Extrastelar tissue.'
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