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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 25

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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 25
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Active divisions occur in the cells of
    Solution
    Vascular cambium is a lateral meristem and exhibits two patterns of division; multiplicative divisions and additive divisions thus cut more actively at the centre. Multiplicative divisions increase the circumference of the vascular cambium by active cell division. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Innermost layer of cortex is
    Solution
    The endodermis is the central, innermost layer of cortex in some land plants. It is made of compact living cells surrounded by an outer ring of endodermal cells that are impregnated with hydrophobic substances (Casparian strip) to restrict apoplastic flow of water to the inside. The endodermis is the boundary between the cortex and the stele. 
    The epidermis cells is a single-layered group of cells that covers plants leaves, flowers, roots and stems. It forms a boundary between the plant and the external environment. 
    The exodermis is a layer of cells from the outermost layer of the cortex of many angiosperms. 
    Hypodermis is the outermost cell layer of the cortex of plants. It is also known as exodermis. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following increases due to cambium?
    Solution
    Secondary growth refers to the growth that results from cell division in the cambia or lateral meristems and that causes the stems and roots to thicken, while primary growth is growth that occurs as a result of cell division at the tips of stems and roots, causing them to elongate and gives rise to primary tissue. Secondary growth occurs in most seed plants, but monocots usually lack secondary growth. 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Casparian strip is found in
    Solution
    Casparian strip is a band of cell wall material deposited on the radial and transverse walls of the endodermis and is chemically different from the rest of the cell wall. The cell wall being made of lignin and without suberin, whereas the Casparian strip is made of suberin and sometimes lignin. It blocks the passive flow of materials, such as water and solutes into the stele of a plant.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Monocot root has
    Solution
    Vascular bundles of monocot root are radial in arrangement. There are eight bundles each of xylem and phloem. Hence, the condition is described as polyarch.
     Xylem is described as exarch in them. Pith is the innermost region of the root, representing the central axis. It is composed of few loosely arranged parenchyma cells. In monocot roots, just under the epidermis forming the outermost layer of the cortex is a layer one or two cells in width called as the hypodermis. Since its cell walls are heavily suberized and impermeable to water its apparent function is to keep the water and nutrients, which are absorbed in the root zone further down the root from leaking out through the cortex. Thus, option C is correct.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is correct sequence of layers in typical monocot root from outside to inside?
    Solution
    The sequence of layers in typical monocot root from outer surface to inside is epiblema, cortex, endodermis, stele, pericycle, conjunctive tissue, pith and vascular bundles. Thus, option C is correct.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Conjoint, collateral and closed vascular bundles are found in
    Solution
    In monocot stem vascular bundles are found irregularly scattered in the ground tissue. Towards the periphery, the bundles are smaller in size, while towards the centre, they are larger in size. The smaller bundles are younger, while the larger ones are older. Hence, the arrangement is described as centrifugal. 
    Each vascular bundle has a covering called as 'bundle sheath' formed by a single layer of sclerenchyma cells. 
    The vascular bundle encloses both xylem and phloem. Xylem is found towards the inner surface and phloem towards the outer surface. Cambium is absent. Hence, the vascular bundles are described as conjoint, collateral and closed. 
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Primary growth is caused by
    Solution
    All plant growth occurs by cell division and cell elongation. Cell division occurs primarily in regions of undifferentiated cells, known as meristems. Cell division in the apical meristems and subsequent elongation and maturation of the new cells produces primary growth. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Casparian strip occurs in
    Solution
    Casparian strip is a band of cell wall material deposited on the radial and transverse walls of the endodermis. It is chemically different from the rest of the cell wall. Casparian strip is made of suberin and sometimes lignin. It blocks the passive flow of materials, such as water and solutes into the stele of a plant. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Periblem gives rise to
    Solution
    Histogen theory (by Hanstein, 1870) - According this theory, shoot apical meristem consists three distinct zones. Dermatogen (external layer) which form outer covering of all organ of plant, periblem (middle layer) gives rise to cortex and endodermis and plerome (central layer) form pith and primary vascular bundle. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
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