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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 33

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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 33
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Passage cells are found in
    Solution
    Passage cells are endodermal cells of older roots which have retained thin walls and Casparian strips rather than becoming suberized and waterproof like the other cells around them, to continue to allow some symplastic flow to the inside. Passage cells function to allow transfer of solutes, such as calcium and magnesium into the stele, in order to eventually reach the transpiration system. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The cambium which produces cork is called as
    Solution
    Cork cambium or phellogen is a tissue found in many vascular plants as part of the periderm. 
    The cork cambium is a lateral meristem and is responsible for secondary growth that replaces the epidermis in roots and stems. It is found in woody and many herbaceous dicots, gymnosperms and some monocots, which usually lack secondary growth. 
    Cork cambium is one of the plant's meristems the series of tissues consisting of embryonic cells from which the plant grows. It is one of the many layers of bark, between the cork and primary phloem. The function of cork cambium is to produce the cork, a tough protective material. Thus, option B is correct. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Vascular bundles occur in a ring in
    Solution
     In the dicot stem, the vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, with pith concentrated at the core of the stem, rather than being scattered throughout the plant interior. In dicot stem wedgw shaped, definite and arranged in one or two rings. Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and open.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Primary growth is caused by
    Solution
    All plant growth occurs by cell division and cell elongation. Cell division occurs primarily in regions of undifferentiated cells, known as meristems. Cell division in the apical meristems and subsequent elongation and maturation of the new cells produces primary growth. 
    An apical meristem is a region of high cell division that contributes to the extension of the plant. 
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Periblem gives rise to
    Solution
    Histogen theory by Hanstein states that shoot apical meristem consists of three distinct zones- 
    i) Dermatogen (external layer), which form outer covering of all organ of plant. 
    ii) Periblem (middle layer) gives rise to cortex and endodermis. 
    iii) Plerome (central layer) form pith and primary vascular bundle. Thus, option B is correct.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Endodermis mainly
    Solution
    The endodermis is the central, innermost layer of cortex in some land plants. It is made of compact living cells surrounded by an outer ring of endodermal cells that are impregnated with hydrophobic substances (Casparian Strip) to restrict apoplastic flow of water to the inside. The endodermis is the boundary between the cortex and the stele. In many seedless vascular plants, the endodermis is a distinctly visible layer of cells immediately outside the vascular cylinder (stele) in roots and shoots. In most seed plants, especially woody types, an endodermis is absent from the stems but is present in roots. 
    The endodermis helps regulate the movement of water, ions and hormones into and out of the vascular system. It may also store starch, be involved in perception of gravity and protect the plant against toxins moving into the vascular system. Thus, option A is correct. 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is correct sequence of layers in typically monocot root (from outer surface to inside)?
    Solution
    The outer most layer of monocot root is rhizodermis or epiblema which has compactly arranged tubular cells and unicellular root hair as their extension. Just beneath the epiblema are multiple layers of parenchymatous cells with ample intercellular space, it is cortex. The inner most layer of cortex forms endodermis which has compactly arranged barrel shaped cells with casparian strips at their anticlinal wall. The uniseriate layer of thin walled parenchymatous cells, present below endodermis, which are sclerified in old roots makes pericycle. The vascular bundles are present as alternating strands of xylem and phloem, the discrete xylem strands alternated with phloem strands. The central parenchymatous cells form pith. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The best possible method to determine the age of a tree is
    Solution
    Dendrochronology or tree ring dating, is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings, also known as growth rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year. 'Growth rings', also referred to as 'tree rings' or 'annual rings', can be seen in a horizontal cross section cut through the trunk of a tree. 
    Growth rings are the result of new growth in the vascular cambium, a layer of cells near the bark that is classified as a lateral meristem. This growth in diameter is known as secondary growth. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Polyarch condition is found in
    Solution
    A. Monocot root
    Reason: In monocot roots, vascular bundles are present in radial arrangement. There are eight bundles in each of xylem and phloem. Therefore, the condition is denoted as polyarch. Xylem is denoted as exarch in monocot root. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    In monocots, .............. root system is observed.
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