Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 36

• Apical meristem is a meristem at the tip of a plant shoot or root that produces auxin and causes the shoot or root to increase in length. 
• Growth that originates in the apical meristem is called primary growth. lateral, primary and secondary meristem does not cause an increase of plant length. 

Cork cambium is the tissues found in many vascular plants as part of the periderm. The cork cambiums areas lateral meristem. It is responsible for the secondary growth which replaces the epidermis in roots and stems. Cork cambiums are one of the plant's meristems and the series of tissues are consisting of embryonic cells. Through these plants grows. 

It is one of the many layers of bark between the cork and the primary phloem. The function of cork cambium is to produce the cork and tough protective material, and the secondary cortex.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Cork cambium is otherwise called phellogen is True. Cork is otherwise called Phellem is also True. The secondary cortex is otherwise called periderm is False, as the secondary cortex is otherwise called phelloderm, and cork, cork cambium, and secondary cortex together called Periderm.

The cork cambium, cork, and the secondary cortex are together called phelloderm. It is False because cork, cork cambium and secondary cortex together are called Periderm.

The correct option is C.

• Meristematic tissues: These tissues have the capacity to divide. They have a thin cellulose wall. They do not have intercellular spaces. They contain dense cytoplasm with a prominent nucleus. They contain many small vacuoles in their cytoplasm. They produce permanent tissues. They are responsible for the primary and secondary growth of the plants. 
• Permanent tissues: These tissues have lost the capacity of division. They have a thick cellulose wall. They have large intercellular spaces. They contain a thin cytoplasm with a normal nucleus. They contain a single large vacuole in their cytoplasm. They are produced by meristematic tissues. These tissues add to the various growths.

• Sclereids are a reduced form of sclerenchyma cells with highly thickened, lignified walls. These have the shape of a star. They are small bundles of sclerenchyma tissue in plants that form durable layers, such as the cores of apples and the gritty texture of pears (Pyrus communis). 
• Sclereids are variable in shape. The cells can be isodiametric, prosenchymal, forked or elaborately branched. 
• They can be grouped into bundles, can form complete tubes located at the periphery or can occur as single cells or small groups of cells within parenchyma tissues.
•  But compared with most fibers, sclereids are relatively short. Sclerenchyma, tracheids, and collenchyma do not cause the Grittiness of the fruit wall.