Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test

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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 61

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Question 1
1 / -0

Pericycle in roots is never thick and sclerenchymatous because

A
it does not act as mechanical tissue in roots

B
it gives rise to root hairs

C
it is place o f origin of lateral roots

D
it gives rise both to root hairs and root branches

Solution

Pericycle is the thin layer made up of mostly parenchymatous cells. They mostly surround the stele (vascular bundles) of the plants. Pericycle is the layer which separates the endodermis and vascular tissues from each other. Its main function is support, protection of the plant, also helps the plants to stand upright as it protects xylem and phloem tissues of plants. They do not have sclerenchymatous cells as they never perform the function of mechanical strength and are simply for protection of vascular bundles.
So, the correct option is 'It does not act as mechanical tissue in roots'.
Question 2
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Which of the following conditions of xylem is present in both monocot and dicot stems?

A
Endarch

B
Polyarch

C
Mesarch

D
Exarch

Solution

The xylem may be exarch/centripetal, endarch/centrifugal, mesarch and centerarch based on the position of protoxylem in relation to metaxylem. In endarch condition, protoxylem lies on the inner side of metaxylem e.g., dicot and monocot stems.
So the correct answwr is option A.
Question 3
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If the dicot stem is stained for starch, the most intense colouration would develop in

A
epiblema

B
phloem

C
endodermis

D
pith

Solution

Epiblema is the outer layer of the roots also known as epidermal cells of roots which perform the function of absorption.
Phloem is the conducting strands or tissues for the transport of food and minerals and is thus responsible for the nutrient supply of plants.
Endodermis is the layer in the center that surrounds the cortex of roots and stems. it is the layer which surrounds the vascular bundles. It is also called a starch sheath which has starch grains in the stems of dicots.
Pith is the central part of roots and stems which help in the nutrients supply.
So, the correct option is 'Endodermis'.
Question 4
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In ________ vascular bundle, a strip of vascular cambium is present in between the xylem and phloem.

A
Open

B
Closed

C
Endarch

D
Exarch

Solution

An open type of vascular bundle is the one open to secondary growth, that is , increase in girth. For secondary growth to occur a strip of cambium is present between xylem and phloem, this type of vascular bundle is known as conjoint, colateral and open and is found in dicot stem.
So, the correct answer is 'Open'
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following tissue systems constitutes bulk of the plant body?

A
Epidermal tissue system

B
Ground tissue system

C
Vascular tissue system

D
Both (a) and (c)

Solution

The ground tissue consists majorly of parenchymatous tissue that forms the whole plant body other than the epidermis and the vascular bundles. It arises from the periblem meristematic tissue.
So, the correct answer is 'Ground tissue system'

Question 6

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Select the mismatched pair out of the following

(A) Radial vascular bundle -	Xylem and phloem on different radii
(B) Bicollateral vascular bundle -	Phloem present on both sides of xylem
(C) Amphivasal vascular bundle -	Phloem surrounds xylem
(D) Conjoint vascular bundle -	Xylem and phloem on same radii

A

B

C

D

Solution

According to the relative position of xylem and phloem, the vascular bundles are classified -

1. Radial: Those in which the xylem and the phloem with different radii lie radically side-by-side (for example, in roots of seed plants). This is the most primitive type.

2. Bi-collateral: Those vascular bundles that contain two patches of phloem on either side of the xylem on the same radius.

3. Amphivasal - Those vascular bundles in which xylem surrounds the phloem tissue from all sides of the vascular bundle.

4. Conjoint - Those in which the two types of tissues are separated from one another. Here xylem and phloem together form a bundle.

Hence, (C) is the mismatched option.

Question 7
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Radial vascular bundles characteristically occur in

A
Monocot and dicot stems

B
Monocot and dicot leaves

C
Monocot and dicot roots

D
All of these

Solution

Radial vascular bundles consist of xylem and phloem arranged along the radial axis of the plant body adjacent to each other. This type of arrangement is observed in monocot root with (exarch and polyarch condition of the xylem) and in dicot roots (exarch and tetrarch condition of the xylem)
So, the correct answer is 'Monocot and dicot roots'
Question 8
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A typical monocotyledonous root is characterised by -

A
Usually more than six xylem bundles

B
Large and well developed pith

C
No secondary growth

D
All of these

Solution

A typical monocotyledonous root can be characterized by: -
1) The xylem shows a polyarch condition where it forms numerous groups or bundles (usually 12 to 21).
2) The cambium is absent in all the stages and there is no secondary thickening in such roots.
3) The pith is large and well developed.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Question 9
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Select the correct option:
Transverse section of a part of a typical monocotyledonous root has been shown in the given figure. Identify the different parts (from A to I) and select the correct option.

A
A-Root hair, B-Epiblema, C-Cortex, D-Endodermis, E-Pericycle, F-Pith, G-Phloem, H-Metaxylem, I-Protoxylem

B
A-Root hair, B-Epiblema, C-Cortex, D-Pericycle, E-Endodermis, F-Pith, G-Phloem, H-Metaxylem, I-Protoxylem

C
A-Root hari, B-Epiblema, C-Cortex, D-Endodermis, E-Pericycle, F-Pith, G-Phloem, H-Metaxylem, I-Metaxylem

D
A-Root hair, B-Cortex, C-Epiblema, D-Pericycle, E-Endodermis, F-Passage cell, G-Protoxylem, H-Phloem, I-Metaxylem

Solution

A - Root hair (developed from or modification of the epidermal or cells of the epiblema, single celled structures)
B - Epiblema (epidermis of the root)
C - Cortex (made of multilayered parenchymatous cells)
D - Endodermis (a single layer of cells, separates cortex from the stele)
E - Pericycle (multilayered parenchymatous tissue, forming the outer layer to the stele)
F - Pith (central parenchymatous structure)
G - Phloem (in patches, alternates with the xylem)
H - Metaxylem,I - Protoxylem - parts of xylem tissue, (later formed and first formed respectively), alternates with phloem.
In monocot roots, the xylem is exarch and polyarch, vascular bundles are arranged radially
So, the correct answer is 'A-Root hair, B-Epiblema, C-Cortex, D-Endodermis, E-Pericycle, F-Pith, G-Phloem, H-Metaxylem, I-Protoxylem'
Question 10
1 / -0

Polyarch vascular bundles generally occur in

A
Monocot stem

B
Dicot stem

C
Dicot root

D
Monocot root

Solution

Polyarch vascular bundle (more than 4) is observed in monocot root. The vascular bundle is radial and closed, with exarch condition of the xylem.
So, the correct answer is 'Monocot root'

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Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 61

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Question 1

it does not act as mechanical tissue in roots

it gives rise to root hairs

it is place o f origin of lateral roots

it gives rise both to root hairs and root branches

Solution

Question 2

Endarch

Polyarch

Mesarch

Exarch

Solution

Question 3

epiblema

phloem

endodermis

pith

Solution

Question 4

Open

Closed

Endarch

Exarch

Solution

Question 5

Epidermal tissue system

Ground tissue system

Vascular tissue system

Both (a) and (c)

Solution

Question 6

A

B

C

D

Solution

Question 7

Monocot and dicot stems

Monocot and dicot leaves

Monocot and dicot roots

All of these

Solution

Question 8

Usually more than six xylem bundles

Large and well developed pith

No secondary growth

All of these

Solution

Question 9

A-Root hair, B-Epiblema, C-Cortex, D-Endodermis, E-Pericycle, F-Pith, G-Phloem, H-Metaxylem, I-Protoxylem

A-Root hair, B-Epiblema, C-Cortex, D-Pericycle, E-Endodermis, F-Pith, G-Phloem, H-Metaxylem, I-Protoxylem

A-Root hari, B-Epiblema, C-Cortex, D-Endodermis, E-Pericycle, F-Pith, G-Phloem, H-Metaxylem, I-Metaxylem

A-Root hair, B-Cortex, C-Epiblema, D-Pericycle, E-Endodermis, F-Passage cell, G-Protoxylem, H-Phloem, I-Metaxylem

Solution

Question 10

Monocot stem

Dicot stem

Dicot root

Monocot root

Solution

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