Anatomy of Flowering Plants Test - 4

Endodermis forms the outermost layer of vascular bundles. Anything entering inside the plant body must cross theendodermis to be transported via xylem and phloem. So, endodermis is called as biological check post of the cell.

In plants respiratory organs in stem is called lenticels. They are located as pores in the bark of plants.

There are a number of differences between abaxial and adaxial stomata. First, stomatal density is usually higher on the abaxial surface than it is on the adaxial surface of leaves

The tangential as well as radial walls of the endodermal cells have a deposition of water-impermeable, waxy material-suberin-in the form of casparian strips.

In the monocotyledons, the vascular bundles have no cambium present in them. Hence, since they do not form secondary tissues they are referred to as closed.

The tissues of a leaf that are located in between the layers of epidermis and carry on photosynthesis, consisting of the palisade layer and the spongy parenchyma. Most mesophyll cells contain chloroplasts.

Secondary growth in monocotyledonous roots is not observed as cambium is absent between xylem and phloem in a vascular bundle.

Dumb-bell-shaped guard cells are found in grasses. Dumb-bell shaped guard cells are more advanced in evolutionary terms and more efficient physiologically because guard cells of grasses require fewer solutes and less water to achieve a given unit increase in aperture​.

Monocotyledonous leaves are isobilateral as both the lower and upper sides of the leaves are the same.

The palisade parenchymatous cell in the mesophyll region has numerous chloroplasts. Hence, it is the main seat of photosynthesis in leaf.