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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 18

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 18
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  • Question 1
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    Which of the following is the smallest organelle in the cell?
    Solution
    The sizes of the listed organelles are as follows;
    Lysosome- 200 to 500 nm,
    Ribosome- 20 nm,
    Mitochondria- 3000 nm,
    Peroxisome- 200 to 500 nm.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    A prokaryotic bacterial cell does not posses a 
    Solution
    The bacteria belongs to kingdom Monera. A bacterial cell is a prokaryotic cell. A prokaryotic cell has a primitive nucleus which is devoid of the nuclear membrane. The bacterial cell, however, possesses a bacterial chromosome having circular double-stranded DNA molecule. The bacterial chromosome lacks histone proteins. Histone proteins are a characteristic of eukaryotic cells and help in the packaging of chromatin materials into entities called as nucleosomes.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
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    Which of the following provides mechanical support and shape to the cell?
    Solution
    The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a system of membrane-lined channels found in all eukaryotic cells except mature erythrocytes. It constitutes more than 30 to 60 percent of total cell membranes. The membranes of ER act as an ultrastructural skeletal framework in the cell and provide mechanical support as it helps in formation and transportation of protein and lipid in membrane biogenesis.
  • Question 4
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    Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in which of the following organelle?
    Solution
    Ribosomes are submicroscopic polypeptide manufacturing naked granular nucleoprotein organelles which were first seen by Claude in 1941.
  • Question 5
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    Which of the following cell organelle is considered to be richest in enzymes?
    Solution
    Mitochondria is the double membrane bound organelle which carries several enzymatic reactions such as Kreb's cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. They are, thus, rich in enzymes. Enzymes of Kreb's cycle and oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid are present in the mitochondrial matrix. Succinate dehydrogenase enzyme of Kreb's cycle is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Enzymes for the synthesis of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation are present on the inner mitochondrial membrane. Enzymes for fatty acid biosynthesis are also present on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    What are elementary particles of mitochondria?
    Solution
    Answer is option A i.e. "F1 particles"
    F1 particles are also known as oxysomes or elementary particles or F1-F0 particles. These particles are present in matrix side of mitochondrial inner membrane. In mitochondria, F1 particles function in synthesizes ATP from ADP + Pi. F1 particles comprise about 15% of the total inner membrane protein.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The function of ............ is autodissolution and osteogenesis.
    Solution
    Autodissolution and osteogenesis are the function of lysosomes. Lysosomes are abundantly found in the phagocytic cell. Phagocytosis is the process of taking in particles such as bacteria, parasites, dead host cells, and cellular and foreign debris by a cell. A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle found in most animal cells. They are structurally and chemically spherical vesicles containing hydrolytic enzymes, which are capable of breaking down virtually all kinds of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and cellular debris. Lysosomes are interlinked with three intracellular processes namely phagocytosis, endocytosis and autophagy.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    If the ribosomes of a cell are destroyed
    Solution
    Ribosomes are naked ribonucleoprotein particles found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. They carry out the process of protein synthesis. Each ribosome particle is made up of two subunits-small and large subunit. Smaller subunit has point for recognition of mRNA while the larger subunit has peptidyl transferase activity, binding site for tRNA and the A site. The P site is jointly formed by the two subunits. During protein synthesis the incoming or next amino acid to be attached to the growing chain is held at the A site and the growing peptide chain is held at P-site. The peptidyl transferase activity catalyzes the peptide bond formation between the amino acids.
    So, the correct answer is 'Protein synthesis will stop'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The cell division in blue green algae similar to that in 
    Solution
    Blue-green algae is Cyanobacteria which is a prokaryote that obtains their energy from photosynthesis. So, the division will be same as that of bacteria. Here, brown algae, green algae and higher plants are all eukaryotic organisms.
    Hence the correct option is A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Aerobic respiration is performed by which of the following?
    Solution
    Mitochondria supply most or the necessary biological energy through reduction of NADP. A dominant role for the mitochondria is the production of ATP. This is done by oxidizing the major products of glucose, pyruvate, and NADH, which are produced in the cytosol. This process of cellular respiration, also known as aerobic respiration, as it depends on the presence of oxygen. 
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