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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 20

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 20
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Prokaryotes include
    Solution

    Protists, fungi, plants and animals belong to domain eukarya and are eukaryotic organisms. Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic organisms that lack a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Thus, the correct answer is E.

  • Question 2
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    Which of the following statements is true about the nucleus of a cell?
    Solution
    The nucleus is the largest and most significant living organelle of the cell. All the cellular activities of the cell are regulated by the nucleus. Hence it is called brain or control centre of the cell. The nucleus is surrounded by a double unit membrane from all sites. The chromosomes and genes which have genetical characters and transmit from one generation to another are found in the nucleus. Thus option D is the correct answer. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is involved in synthesis of proteins?
    Solution
    Ribosomes are the sites in a cell in which protein synthesis takes place by the process of translation. The are present attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or freely float in the cytoplasm. it is made of 2 subunits. The smaller subunit is is the binding site for mRNA and the larger subunit for the addition of amino acids. Thus the correct answer is option B.

  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Centrosomes are composed of two .......... which is surrounded by an amorphous mass of protein.
    Solution
    Centrosomes are the organelles that located near the nucleus and composed of two orthogonally arranged centrioles surrounded by an amorphous mass of protein. They are responsible for the formation of spindle fibres during the cell division. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
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    Absorption of mineral elements from the soil occurs through:
    Solution
    The absorption of mineral elements from the soil involves active transport by the cells. Minerals may also be absorbed as ions rather than salts.
  • Question 6
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    Which of the following synthesizes lipids?
    Solution
    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in many metabolic processes. 
    It synthesizes lipids, phospholipids as in plasma membranes, and steroids.
  • Question 7
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    Which organelle is composed of cristae and a matrix?
    Solution
    Each mitochondrion is surrounded by two membranes, outer and inner which are composed of lipoprotein. The outer membrane is smooth but inner membrane forms finger-like folds towards inner side. In animal cells, these folds are called cristae. The large central part enclosed by inner membrane is called inner chamber. It is filled with proteinaceous, homogeneous watery substances. This matter is called mitochondrial matrix. Thus option C is the correct answer. 

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which cell organelle is the site of respiration within the cell?
    Solution
    The mitochondria are the site for the respiration. The respiration reactions are carried out in the matrix and on the oxysomes in the mitochondria. The glucose is broken down with the help of oxygen to release energy in the form of ATP. These energy molecules can be used to drive the other chemical reactions. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are ribosomes which function in clusters?
    Solution
    (A) Histones are basically alkaline protein molecules with octagonal core responsible for packaging of DNA strands around them so as to condense them into chromatin fibers and  stay as nucleosome within a eukaryotic cell.
    (B) Nucleoli (Nucleolus singular) is the site of biogenesis for ribosomes and other signal recognition particles. It is located within the nucleus and plays part in cell division and stress response mechanisms.
    (C)  Endoplasmic reticulum is a membranous tubular structure existing in continuation with the nuclear membrane in eukaryotic cells. They are sites for protein and lipid synthesis. They host a numerous ribosomes on their surface but are not directly involved in their functioning.
    (D) Golgi complex is the organelle responsible for enzymatic reactions within the cell.
    (E) Polysomes  is a collective term for cluster of ribosomes which are present on the surface of Endoplasmic reticulum. Polysome can be considered as a complex MRNA molecule consisting of multiple ribosomal sub-unite and responsible for polypeptide production via translation.
    Hence, (E) Polysomes is the correct answer
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which organelle synthesizes energy?
    Solution
    Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. ER serves in proteins and lipid synthesis. Golgi apparatus serve to processes secretory and synthetic products from the ER and then transport the finished products.  Mitochondria serve as a site for cellular respiration, produces and stores the enormous amount of energy. Mitochondria consists enzymes for energy production. Chloroplast contains chlorophyll and serves as a site for photosynthesis. The correct answer is B.
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