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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 25

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 25
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  • Question 1
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    Which of the following cell organelles is having single layered unit membrane?
    Solution
    Lysosomes are small vesicles containing hydrolyzing enzymes and surrounded by a single layered lipid membrane of up to 100nm in thickness. Whereas mesosome and centrosome are the  organelles without membrane, Nucleus is the membrane bound structure in cells. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
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    If all the ribosomes of a cell are destroyed then what happened in the cell?
    Solution
    Ribosomes (rRNA) are the protein factory of the cell. Ribosomes work as a structural unit in protein synthesis (translation). If all the ribosomes of a cell are destroyed then protein synthesis will stop.
    So, the correct answer is 'Protein will not be formed'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following process takes place in endoplasmic reticulum?
    Solution
    Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) is abundant in cells engaged in active secretion. Proteins synthesized by ribosomes pass into the lumen of RER which acts as a channel for transport of secretory proteins. Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes is called as smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). SER occurs in cells engaged in producing a lot of lipids and steroids. SER also takes part in the synthesis of vitamins, carbohydrates and detoxification. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 4
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    Endoplasmic reticulum is in continuation with
    Solution
    Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a system of membrane-lined channels found in all eukaryotic cells except mature erythrocytes. The endoplasmic reticulum is little developed in meristematic cells. Membranes of Endoplasmic reticulum are thinner than most other cell membranes. ER is often connected with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope and helps in the transportation of protein.
  • Question 5
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    Which of the following is related to glycosylation of protein?
    Solution
    The process of glycosylation involves the attachment of glycans to the organic molecules like lipids, proteins etc. It is needed for the production of materials for secretion like glycoproteins require glycosylation reaction. As endoplasmic reticulum are the major secretory organelles in the cell. Glycosylation reactions are most prominent in the endoplasmic reticulum.
  • Question 6
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    Which of the following has centrioles _____________.

    Solution
    A centrosome is an organelle that is found close to the nucleus within the cytoplasm of cells. Centrosomes are key to the division of cells and produce the spindle fibers that are required during metaphase of mitosis. Each centrosome consists of two centrioles that are orientated at right-angles to each other.

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The nuclear material without nuclear membrane is observed in
    Solution
    Bacteria and cyanobacteria are prokaryotes, i.e., having pro or primitive karyon. These cells have primitive nucleus, not having a distinct nuclear membrane. These cells have a single circular molecule of DNA as genetic material but it is not present inside membrane bound nucleus.
    Hence the correct option is C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Ribosomes are made up of
    Solution

    Correct Option: C
    Explanation:

    • Ribosomes are found in both, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The ribosome is the site for protein synthesis. Thus, it is also known as protein factory.
    • They are complexes of proteins and three (prokaryotes) or four (eukaryotes) rRNA molecules called subunits.
    • The main function of ribosomes is the site of mRNA translation; once the two subunits are joined by the mRNA from the nucleus, the ribosome translates mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The ribosomes of bacteria, mitochondria, prokaryotes (Nostoc) and chloroplast are of
    Solution
    Prokaryotic cell lacks membrane bound cell organelles. A prokaryotic cell, however, has ribosomes which are naked particles and function in protein synthesis. The prokaryotic ribosomes are of 70S type, distinct from eukaryotic ribosomes which are of 80S type. Eukaryotic cell organelles like chloroplast and mitochondria have their own protein synthesizing machinery and their own ribosomes which resemble prokaryotic ribosomes.
    So, the correct answer is '70S type'
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The nuclear spindle consists of
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