Cell The Unit of Life Test - 28

Cells are made up of many cell organelles. One of these organelles are minute spherical structures called ribosomes. They are responsible for synthesis of proteins in the cells. So they are also called protein factories of the cells. They are present over Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and hence they too can synthesis proteins. Apart from this, mitochondria use proteins to breakdown sugars and produce ATP in the form of energy.

Bacteria are prokaryotic, unicellular organisms. They possess cell wall but no nucleus. The genetic material is dispersed in the cytoplasm without any nuclear membrane.

Prokaryotes are the primitive and unicellular organism. It has genetic material in dispersed from as they do not have a membrane bounded nucleus and such type of nucleus is called as the nucleoid. It does not have any membrane bound organelle which makes it different from eukaryotes.

• The nucleus contains a viscous liquid called nucleoplasm. It contains chromosomes and nuclei. It is surrounded by a nuclear membrane and it helps in the exchange of material between the nucleus and cytoplasm. 
• Protoplasm is the cytoplasm and nucleus of a cell.
  
• The cytosol is the part of the cytoplasm that is not held by any of the organelles in the cell.
  
• The cytoplasm is the part of the cell which is contained within the entire cell membrane. It is the total content within the cell membrane other than the contents of the nucleus of the cell.
  
• So, the correct answer is option B.

• Plant cells have cell wall, plastids, and a large central vacuole, which are not found in animal cells. The cell wall is a rigid covering that protects the cell, provides structural support and gives shape to the cell. 
• The chloroplasts, found in plant cells, contain a green pigment called as chlorophyll, which captures the light energy that drives the reactions of plant photosynthesis. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Mitochondria is a double membrane organelle. 
The chloroplast is a plant cell organelle, which possesses a double membrane. 
Golgi body posses a double membrane. 
The ribosome lacks membrane and is involved in protein synthesis. 

Ribosomes are mainly involved with synthesis of protein and are found on endoplasmic reticulum and are found outside the nucleus. Translocon is the site on endoplasmic reticulum on which the ribosomes attaches.

Neuron carries signals between the brain and various parts of the body. The chloroplast is a type of plastid, which produces green coloured pigment. The chloroplast is involved in carrying out photosynthesis. It gives a green colour to leaves. Mitochondria produce the energy currency, i.e., ATPs of the cell. It is also called as a powerhouse of the cell as it provides energy currency to a cell.