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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 37

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 37
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Cellular furnaces of cells are 
    Solution
    Cellular furnaces of the cells are mitochondria because like furnace mitochondria also produce energy of heat in the form ATP. Mitochondria supply most or the necessary biological energy through reduction of NADP. A dominant role for the mitochondria is the production of ATP. This is done by oxidizing the major products of glucose, pyruvate, and NADH, which are produced in the cytosol. This process of cellular respiration, also known as aerobic respiration, is dependent on the presence of oxygen. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The nucleus is the site for synthesis of: 
    Solution
    The nucleus is a membrane-bound most important part of the cell. It controls the cellular activities and thus called the brain of the cell. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes and also provides the site for the synthesis of tRNA and mRNA. 
    Hence the correct option is D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The site for protein synthesis is
    Solution

    Ribosomes is the site for protein synthesis. The synthesis of proteins start with the binding  of the ribosome on the rough endoplasmic reticulum at  the translocon. A ribosome only binds to the RER once a specific protein-nucleic acid complex forms in the cytosol. This special complex forms when a free ribosome begins translating the mRNA of a protein destined for the secretory pathway. The first 5-30 amino acids polymerized encode a signal peptide, a molecular message that is recognized and bound by a signal recognition particle. So, the correct answer is 'Ribosome'.

  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The site for protein synthesis in plants is the
    Solution
    Ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum and serve as sites for protein synthesis. Proteins synthesized on these ribosomes will be exported from the cell, moved into other organelles of the endomembrane system, or incorporated into membranes.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The ribosomes are center of
    Solution
    The ribosome is a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the primary site of biological protein synthesis. Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. Ribosomes consist of two major components the small ribosomal subunit which reads the RNA, and the large subunit which joins amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Each subunit is composed of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of proteins. The ribosomes and associated molecules are also known as the translational apparatus.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following subtances are stored in an aleuroplast?
    Solution
    Plastids are the cytoplasmic organelles found only in plant cells. Leucoplasts are colourless plastids. There are three types of leucoplasts. Amyloplasts are the food storage organelles and store starch. They are found in storage tubers, cotyledons and endosperm. Elaioplasts are found in certain monocots and store oils. Aleuroplasts are a type of leucoplasts which store proteins and are found in Maize
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The larger subunit of ribosome is dome shaped and attached to ER by
    Solution
    Ribophorins are transmembrane glycoproteins which are located in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. These are absent in smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. It helps in the attachment of larger subunit of ribosomes to endoplasmic reticulum.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The polysome is a chain of
    Solution
    Polyribosomes (or polysomes) also known as ergosomes are a cluster of ribosomes, bound to a mRNA molecule. Polysomes are functional unit of protein synthesis. The synthesis of proteins start with the binding  of the ribosome on the rough endoplasmic reticulum at the translocon. A ribosome only binds to the RER once a specific protein-nucleic acid complex forms in the cytosol. This special complex forms when a free ribosome begins translating the mRNA of a protein destined for the secretory pathway. The first 5-30 amino acids polymerized encode a signal peptide, a molecular message that is recognized and bound by a signal recognition particle. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Mitochondria and chloroplast are considered to be endosymbionts of cell because they
    Solution
    Mitochondria and chloroplast are the organelles which possess their own DNA and ribosomes and considered as endosymbionts of a cell. They are originated by the endosymbiosis  fro proteobacteria and cyanobacteria respectively. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The main components of ribosome are
    Solution
    Ribosomes are composed of proteins and ribosomal RNA. They are found in four areas of the plant cell: the cytoplasm, the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondria, and on chloroplasts. There are two main types of ribosomes they are free ribosomes and attached ribosomes. The attached ribosomes are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and serve as sites for protein synthesis.  Proteins synthesized on these ribosomes will be exported from the cell, moved into other organelles of the endomembrane system, or incorporated into membranes. Protein synthesis also occurs on free ribosomes.  
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