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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 43

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 43
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following would not be considered part of a cell's cytoplasm? 
    Solution
    The nucleus is the largest and important part of the cell. It surrounded by the two layers of membrane. These membranes separates the nuclear content to get mixed with cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is the proteinaceous fluid in the cell which holds organelles like ribosomes, mitochondria, ER etc. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Match the columns.
    List 1List 2 
    A. Building blocks1. Ribosome
    B. Kitchen of the cell2. Chloroplast
    C. Power house of the cell3. Lysosome
    D. Suicidal bag of the cell4. Mitochondria
    E. Protein synthesis5. Cells
    Solution
    The cell theory that all the plants and animals are composed of cells and the cell is the basic unit of life, was presented by two biologists, Schleiden (1838) and Schwann (1839). 
    The kitchen is the place where eatables (in utilizable form) are made by mixing the ingredients together. Chloroplast also converts inorganic molecules (CO2 and H2O) to glucose. 
    Mitochondria produces and stores energy in the form of ATP. Thus, called as the power house of the cell. 
    Lysosomes get ruptured and enzymes are released free in damaged cells, ageing cells, dead cells or poorly working cell organelles to digest them. So, they are also known as suicide bags.
    Ribosomes are cell organelles which are present in free or in bound form. They are involved in the synthesis of proteins. 
    Therefore, option A is correct. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is correct about the lack of organelles in prokaryotes?
    Solution
    Prokaryotes are the primitive organisms which lack membrane-bound organelles. The lack of organelles in prokaryotes means that their basic cellular processes are different from eukaryotes. As there are no cellular compartments differentiated, all the cellular processes take place in the cytoplasm.
    Hence the correct option is A.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Refer the given figure of a cell. Which organelle is more in number ? Also, identify among P, Q, R and S, the organelle which is responsible for transmission of hereditary information.

    Solution
    Mitochondria is more in number in the given figure. Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell because it is the site where ATP is produced. It also contains its own DNA. 
    The organelle responsible for transmission of hereditary characteristics is the nucleus. It is because of the presence of DNA in the nucleus (represented by Q). Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The cell organelle associated with cellular secretion is
    Solution
    Lysosomes are the small vesicle organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes that digest waste materials and cellular debris, foreign particles, dead or weak organelles and excrete out from the cell. Thus, lysosome is associated with cellular secretion.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following organelles is the garbage disposal system of the cell?
    Solution
    Leukocytes are also called as white blood cells. They are involved in the immune system of the body. 
    Leucoplasts are a type of plastids present in plants. They store starch grain and oil drops. Such, colourless plastid is present in underground roots, stems. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exists as a membranous network enclosing a fluid-filled lumen which almost fills up the intracellular cavity. Hence, ER is involved in providing shape and mechanical support to the cell. Lysosome is the smallest cell and performs various fFunctions such as:
    (i) Extracellular digestion- Sometimes, lysosomes enzymes are released outside the cell to break down extracellular material. So, they are known as digestive bags.
    (ii) Digestion of foreign material: Lysosomes also destroy any foreign material inside the cell such as bacteria.
    (iii) Cellular digestion: Lysosomes get ruptured and enzymes are released free in damaged cells, aging cells, dead cells or poorly working cell organelles to digest them. In these processes, they remove the cell debris. Hence, they are also known as garbage disposal system of the cell. Thus, the correct answer is optionC.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Proteins and lipids required for building the cell membrane are produced by
    Solution
    Plasma membrane is a living, delicate, elastic, selectively permeable membrane. Chemically, it is made up of 75% phospholipid. In addition to phospholipid, the membrane contains proteins, cholesterol and polysaccharides. Membrane synthesis or membrane biogenesis is a dynamic process, i.e., some of the membrane proteins and lipids are replaced with newly made proteins and lipids. This is an ongoing process. Some of the proteins and lipids required for membrane biogenesis are synthesized by endoplasmic reticulum. 

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Ribosomes are made up of RNA and
    Solution
    Ribosomes consist of two major components — the small ribosomal subunit which reads the RNA, and the large subunit which joins amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Each subunit is composed of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of proteins.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is substitution of mitochondria in E.coli?
    Solution
    The bacterial cells are primitive cells hence, called as prokaryotic cells. They do not possess many membrane bound organelles as mitochondria. Hence, processes which are carried out by mitochondria are carried over by plasma membrane of bacteria. Plasma membrane is a living membrane that forms the boundary between a cell and its environment. Some invaginations of the plasma membrane are called as 'mesosomes'. Mesosomes of aerobic bacteria such as E.coli contain respiratory enzymes to carry out respiration. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The organelle of a cell concerned in digestion is
    Solution
    Lysosome is the smallest vesicle-like organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for the digestion of foreign particle, wastes, cell debris and food particles. Lysosomes get ruptured and enzymes are released freely in damaged cells, aging cells, dead cells or poorly working cell organelles to digest them. So, they are also known as digestive bags. 
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