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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 54

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 54
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Organelle of the cell, which releases energy through respiration is _______
    Solution
    The mitochondria are the site for the respiration. The respiration reactions are carried out in the matrix and on the oxysomes in the mitochondria. The glucose is broken down with the help of oxygen to release energy in the form of ATP. These energy molecules can be used to drive the other chemical reactions. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Mitochondria'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Cell organelles are the parts of a living cell. Answer the following $$3$$ questions using the choices provided. A choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
    Which organelle is not bound by a membrane and is the site of protein synthesis?
    Solution
    A. Ribosomes are the non membranous positively charged RNA-protein complexes which are necessary for protein synthesis.
    B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum are membrane bound channels seen in the form of delicate strands and vesicles in the cytoplasm and do not contain ribosomes. SER is mainly involved in synthesis of phospholipids, glycolipids, steroid hormones etc.
    C. Chloroplasts are the green coloured plastids and consists of two membranes, an outer membrane and an inner membrane which are separated by an intermembrane space. Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.
    D. Golgi apparatus or Golgi bodies are flattened sacs of membrane bound cisternae, vesicles and vacuoles which are present in the form of a complex. They are involved in secretion, storage and packaging of different materials and also post translational modification of proteins.
    E. Nucleolus is a spherical body present within the nucleus in close association with the nucleolar organizing region of two or more chromosomes within a set. It is the site of RNA synthesis.
    So, the correct answer is Ribosomes. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the given cell organelles carry out the functions given in the table?

    Solution
    The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of numerous branched membranes from nuclear membrane to plasma membrane which is extensively spread in the cytoplasm. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesises the lipids which help in the formation of the plasma membrane and provides mechanical support. It also helps in detoxification of drugs. The vesicles of the endoplasmic reticulum transport the synthesised enzymes to Golgi bodies for further modification. Rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesises proteins.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is the correct sequence that a newly synthesized secretory protein would follow until it is exported from the cell?
    Solution
    A protein is first synthesized by ribosomes. Ribosomes are present on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum or RER. From RER, proteins are transported to Golgi apparatus for post-translational modification. From Golgi apparatus, proteins are packaged in membrane vesicles and transported to cells where they are engulfed by endocytosis by the invagination of the cell membrane.
    Hence, the correct sequence of the path for newly synthesized protein will be RER, Golgi apparatus, Cell membrane.
    So, the correct answer is 'Rough ER →→ Golgi apparatus →→ Cell membrane'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following lists the structures which are present both in animal and plant cells?
    Solution
    The plant and animal cells are eukaryotic and contain well developed cellular organelles. The cell membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, and mitochondria are the structures which are present in both the plant and the animal cells. The cell wall and chloroplast are present only in the plant cell. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Prokaryotes have circular DNA while eukaryotes have linear chromosomes. This is evidence that
    Solution
    Eukaryotes are direct descendants of the prokaryotes as the linear strand of DNA has evolved from the prokaryotic DNA due to addition of repeats to the circular DNA and its further evolution prevented it from ligating back to the circular forms.
    So, the correct answer is 'Eukaryotes are the direct descendants of modern prokaryote species'

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    ______________ is the seat of biological oxidations .
    Solution
    The biological oxidation process or reaction occurs all over the body in all living cells. The process occurs at cellular level to provide the body with usable energy.It is also a slow and gradual aging process of the body. The seat for biological oxidation process inside a cell is the mitrochondria.There are enzymes that catalyze the oxidation process are called oxidoreductases. Thus, thr correct option is C.


  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    An interconnecting membranous network of the cell composed of vesicles, flattened sacs and tubules is :
    Solution
    • The endoplasmic reticulum is shortly abbreviated as ER. It is a type of organelle in eukaryotic cells.
    • The structure of ER is composed of the interconnected network of flattened and membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures. These structures are known as cisternae.
    • There are two regions of the ER. Smooth ER and rough ER are classified on the basis of absence and presence of ribosomes on the surface of the ER respectively. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    ........... are embedded on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
    Solution
    a) The endoplasmic reticulum is associated with small dense granules called ribosomes, lying along the outer border of its membrane. They impart a rough appearance to the endoplasmic reticulum. The ribosomes synthesize the protein which is further modified by the endoplasmic reticulum.
    b) Lysosomes are known as suicidal bags. They are spherical vesicles scattered in the cytoplasm which contains hydrolytic enzymes that help in intracellular digestion.
    c) Centrosomes help to organize microtubules and perform cell division.
    d) Mesosomes are folded invaginations in the plasma membrane of a prokaryotic cell which helps to increase the surface area for absorption.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Pick the odd one out among the following.
    Solution
    A ribosome is a component of cells that synthesizes protein chains. It is present outside the nucleus.
    Nucleus is the control centre of the cell which contains the nucleolus and chromosomes.
    Hence the correct option is D.

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