Cell The Unit of Life Test

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 61

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Question 1
1 / -0

Sedimentation unit of ribosome is

A
$$\mu$$ (micron)

B
$$\mu m$$ (milimicron)

C
$$\overset{o}{A}$$ (Angstrom)

D
$$S$$ (Svedberg)
Solution
- Ribosomes are known as protein factories because they are the main site of protein synthesis.
- It is made up of two subunits-
1. Large subunits- join amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.
2. Small subunits- reads RNA.
- The Svedberg (S) is the measure used to differentiate the ribosomes which is the sedimentation coefficient (70S ribosome in bacteria with 50S and 30S subunits).
- It helps to measure the particle's size based on the sedimentation rate (time taken by a particle of given size and shape settles to the bottom of a solution).
- So, the correct answer is 'S (Svedberg)'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Ribosomes developed from

A
Nucleus

B
Nucleolus

C
Endoplasmic reticulum

D
Mitochondria
Solution
- The nucleolus is a small, dense and spherical structure present in the nucleus of the cell that is visible during the interphase of the cell division under the microscope.
- This region is dense due to the presence of proteins, DNA and RNA which are formed from specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions.
- It is a site for the transcription and processing of ribosomal RNA and of ribosome assembly (the subunits are assembled together to form the ribosomes).
- So, the correct answer is 'Nucleolus'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Element required for bringing about union of ribosomes subunit is

A
$$Ca^{2+}$$

B
$$Mg^{2+}$$

C
$$Fe^{2+}$$

D
$$Cu^{+}$$
Solution
- Element required for bringing about the union of ribosomes subunit is Mg$$^{2+}$$
- Mg$$^{2+}$$ion has the highest charge density within a cell and has a small ionic radius.
- The association of ribosomal subunits (the 50S and 30S subunits in prokaryotes) to form 70S ribosomes is induced by Mg$$^{2+}$$concentration within the cell (above 15 mM).
- Low concentration of Mg$$^{2+}$$(1 mM and below) causes the dissociation of the subunits of ribosomes 70S ribosomes and also unfolds them.
- So, the correct answer is 'Mg$$^{2+}$$'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Besides proteins, ribosomes contain

A
DNA

B
RNA

C
Both DNA and RNA

D
Lipids
Solution
- Ribosomes are known as protein factories because they are the main site of protein synthesis.
- They are composed of ribonucleic acids and proteins.
- They are present in the cytoplasm of the cell. the matrix of mitochondria, on the membrane of rough endoplasmic reticulum etc.
- They play an important role in the synthesis of proteins.
- It is made up of two subunits-
1. Large subunits- join amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.
2. Small subunits- reads RNA.
- The subunit consists of ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins.
- So, the correct answer is 'RNA'.
Question 5
1 / -0

A ribosome is composed of

A
A single unit

B
Two subunits

C
Three subunits

D
Four subunits
Solution
- Ribosomes are known as protein factories because they are the main site of protein synthesis.
- It is made up of two subunits-
1. Large subunits- join amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.
2. Small subunits- reads RNA.
3. In prokaryotes, the subunits are 50S and 30S whereas, in eukaryotes, it is 60S and 40S.
- So, the correct answer is 'Two subunits'.
Question 6
1 / -0

S.E.R. takes part in synthesis of

A
Lipids and steroids

B
Vitamins

C
Carbohydrates

D
All of the above
Solution
- The endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough) is an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structure which are evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm.
- A smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes.
- It helps in the production and metabolism of lipid, it also produces steroid hormones and helps in detoxification.
- It also synthesizes carbohydrates, hormones and vitamins.
- So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Lysosomes were first seen and named by

A
De Duve

B
Palade

C
Novikoff

D
Robertson
Solution
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles which contain digestive enzymes that digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, engulfed viruses or bacteria and macromolecules.
- It helps in digestion and waste removal within a cell.
- It was first discovered and named by a Belgian biochemist called Christian de Duve in the year 1955.
- It was observed under an electron microscope by Novikoff in the year 1956.
- So, the correct answer is 'De Duve'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Secondary lysosomes are

A
Digestive vacuoles

B
Autophagic vacuoles

C
Residual vacuoles

D
All of the above
Solution
- The fusion of a primary lysosome with a phagosome forms a secondary lysosome which is activated and takes part in the digestion process.
A. Digestive vacuoles- helps in digestion and excretion, food particles pinch away from these vacuoles into small vesicles and the vacuole fuses with the cell membrane to release the waste products.
B. Autophagic vacuoles- is membrane-bound vacuole which contains intracellular material to be digested.
C. Residual vacuole- is vesicles that contain indigestible materials.
All the above vacuoles are a type of secondary lysosomes.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Main function of lysosomes is

A
Secretion

B
Respiration

C
Extracellular digestion

D
Intracellular digestion
Solution
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles which are capable of breaking down biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.
- It helps in intracellular digestion and waste removal within a cell.
- They contain digestive enzymes that digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, engulfed viruses or bacteria and macromolecules.
- So, the correct answer is 'Intracellular digestion'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Lysosomes originate from

A
Plasmalemma

B
Golgi apparatus

C
Both A and B

D
R.E.R.
Solution
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles which contain digestive enzymes that digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, engulfed viruses or bacteria and macromolecules.
- It is formed by the budding off from the trans-face of the Golgi network (sorting and modification of synthesized proteins).
- So, the correct answer is 'Golgi apparatus'.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Cell The Unit of Life Test - 61

Result

Cell The Unit of Life Test - 61

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

$$\mu$$ (micron)

$$\mu m$$ (milimicron)

$$\overset{o}{A}$$ (Angstrom)

$$S$$ (Svedberg)

Solution

Question 2

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Endoplasmic reticulum

Mitochondria

Solution

Question 3

$$Ca^{2+}$$

$$Mg^{2+}$$

$$Fe^{2+}$$

$$Cu^{+}$$

Solution

Question 4

DNA

RNA

Both DNA and RNA

Lipids

Solution

Question 5

A single unit

Two subunits

Three subunits

Four subunits

Solution

Question 6

Lipids and steroids

Vitamins

Carbohydrates

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

De Duve

Palade

Novikoff

Robertson

Solution

Question 8

Digestive vacuoles

Autophagic vacuoles

Residual vacuoles

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

Secretion

Respiration

Extracellular digestion

Intracellular digestion

Solution

Question 10

Plasmalemma

Golgi apparatus

Both A and B

R.E.R.

Solution

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