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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 65

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 65
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Racker's/Fernandez-Moran particles are found in
    Solution
    • Oxysomes refers to small round structures present within the folds of the cristae of the inner mitochondrial membrane.
    • They are called elementary particles or Parson’s particle or Fernandez-Moran particle or F$$_0$$F$$_1$$-particles.
    • Mitochondria consists of about 104 -105 oxysomes.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Mitochondria'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Experiments to demonstrate importance of nucleus in controlling growth and heredity were performed on
    Solution

    • Hammerling's nucleocytoplasmic experiments state that the cytoplasm is the centre for all the metabolic activities in the cell and the nucleus is the controlling centre. 

    • This experiment was conducted using Acetabularia.

    • Acetabularia is a genus unicellular or single-celled green algae belonging to the family Polyphysaceae which are found in subtropical waters.

    • They are gigantic in size and complex in form, therefore, used in experiments in cell biology.

    • So, the correct answer is 'Acetabularia'.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Peroxisomes occur in
    Solution
    • The peroxisome is a single membrane-bound organelle which contains oxidative enzymes and is responsible for lipid production and oxidation reactions within the cell.
    • Peroxisomes are present in the photosynthetic cells of green plants (palisade cells of C3 plants and bundle sheath cells of C4 plants).
    • So, the correct answer is 'Bundle sheath'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Assembly of 60 S and 40 S subunits of ribosome produces
    Solution
    • The assembly of 60 S and 40 S subunits of ribosome produces 80S ribosomes.
    • It is the characteristic of a eukaryotic cell.
    • 80S ribosomes are found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
    • The smaller subunit (40S) has an 18S RNA with 1900 nucleotides and 33 proteins. 
    • The larger subunit (60S)  has 5S RNA with 120 nucleotides, 28S RNA with 4700 nucleotides, a 5.8S RNA with 160 nucleotides subunits and 46 proteins.
    • So, the correct answer is '80 S'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Nucleus controls cytoplasmic functioning by sending out
    Solution
    • The DNA present in the nucleus undergoes transcription to form the messenger RNA or mRNA.
    • The mRNA formed within the nucleus is transported out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm of the cell and gets attached to the ribosomes. 
    • It then synthesis proteins in the cytoplasm which is required by the cell for various cellular activities.
    • So, the correct answer is 'RNAs'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Match the columns:
    Column IColumn II
    (a)Endoplasmic reticulum(i)Cellular respiration
    (b)Free ribosome(ii)Osmoregulation and excretion
    (c)Mitochondrion(iii)Synthesis of lipids
    (d)Contractile(iv)Synthesis of non secretory proteins
    Solution
    a) Endoplasmic reticulum (SER) are not studded with ribosomes and is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and is also involved in the production of steroid hormones.
    b) Free ribosomes are the main site of non-secretory protein synthesis and are composed of ribonucleic acids and proteins.
    c) Mitochondria are a double-membraned cell organelle, known as the powerhouse of the cell and responsible for cellular respiration.
    d) The contractile vacuole is a sub-cellular organelle found in few protozoans which is a specialized vacuole that helps in regulating the quantity of water inside a cell (osmoregulation) and excretion.
    So, the correct answer is 'a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Organelle involved in modification and routing of newly synthesised proteins to their destination is
    Solution
    • The endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough) is an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structure which are evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm.
    • The factory of a cell is known as rough endoplasmic reticulum (studded with ribosomes).
    • The RER along with the ribosomes manufacture proteins and transport them to other parts of the cell (protein synthesis)
    • So, the correct answer is 'Endoplasmic reticulum'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Pick up the correct statements.
    1. Mitochondrion contains DNA.
    2. 70 S ribosomes occur in prokaryotes.
    3. Ribosomes are made up of phospholipids and oligosaccharides.
    4. Ribosomes are not found in protista and monera.
    Solution
    • Mitochondria have evolved from specialized bacteria therefore, they have a membrane similar to bacteria and possess their own DNA.
    • In prokaryotes, the ribosome present is a 70S type.
    • Ribosomes are known as protein factories because they are the main site of protein synthesis which is present in almost all the cells (attached to nucleic acids, mitochondria, chloroplast and are freely present in the cytoplasm). They are composed of ribonucleic acids and proteins.
    • All living organisms possess ribosomes.
    • So, the correct answer is '1, 2 correct'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Cell organelle connected with intracellular digestion of macromolecules is
    Solution
    • Cell organelle connected with intracellular digestion of macromolecules is Lysosome.
    • Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles which are capable of breaking down biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.
    • They contain acid hydrolases or digestive enzymes that digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, engulfed viruses or bacteria and macromolecules.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Lysosome'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Prokaryotic cell does not possess
    Solution
    • Prokaryotic cells lack a well-developed or membrane-bound nucleus and cellular organelles.
    • They also lack the cytoskeleton (microtubules, microfilaments) in the cytoplasm, therefore, they don't have centrioles.
    • They also lack desmosomes (a cellular structure which is a modification of the cell membrane) for cell-to-cell adhesion.
    • So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
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