Cell The Unit of Life Test

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 72

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Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following pair lack the unit membrane:-

A
Nucleus & E. R.

B
Mitochondria & chloroplast

C
Ribosome & nucleolus

D
Golgi body & Lysosome
Solution
- Nucleus has the outer nuclear membrane which is attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. This membrane is towards the outer side of the cell while the endoplasmic reticulum has a double-layered plasma membrane.
- Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes which help to protect their respective DNA.
- The Golgi body and Lysosome has enzymes for digestion of proteins, lipids etc in the unit membrane.
- Ribosomes lack the unit membrane. They are present individually in the cell cytoplasm and make the lining of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
- Nucleolus lacks a unit membrane. They have genetic materials in the nucleus which consists of RAN, DNA, proteins etc.
So, the correct option is 'Ribosome and nucleolus'.
Question 2
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Prokaryotic cells are generally _______ and multiply ________ than the eukaryotic cells.

A
smaller, slower

B
larger, slower

C
smaller, faster

D
larger, faster

Solution

Prokaryotic cell is usually small $$(0.1 - 5.0\ \mu m)$$ in size whereas eukaryotic cell size is comparatively larger $$(5 - 100\mu m)$$. Prokaryotic cells multiply very rapidly by asexual means like binary fission, sporulation etc.
Hence the correct option is C.
Question 3
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What of the following is true about the genetic material of a prokaryotic cell?

A
Lacks histones

B
Not enveloped by nuclear membrane

C
Composed of a single circular DNA molecule

D
All of the above

Solution

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms. The word prokaryote comes from the Greek which means primitive nucleus In prokaryotes, the genetic material consists of single circular DNA molecule lying entangled in the nucleoid. It is not bounded by a definite nuclear membrane. Histones are water-soluble proteins rich in arginine and lysine that help in DNA packaging in chromosomes. Prokaryotic cells lack histone proteins. Some of the examples of prokaryotic cells are bacteria, cyanobacteria etc
So, the correct answer is 'option D'.
Question 4
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Glycocalyx (mucilage sheath) of a bacterial cell may occur in the form of a loose sheath called ________ or it may be thick and tough called __________.

A
Capsule, slime layer

B
Slime layer, capsule

C
Mesosome, capsule

D
Mesosome, slime layer

Solution

Glycocalyx (mucilage sheath) is the outermost layer of the bacterial cell envelope which consists of non-cellulosic polysaccharides with or without proteins. It may occur in the form of loose sheath, called slime layer. If it is a thick covering, it is called capsule. Glycocalyx gives sticky character to the cell and is not absolutely essential for survival of bacteria. It prevents desiccating, protects from phagocytes, toxic chemicals and viruses and serves in attachment. It may give selective advantage through in certain situations. So, the correct answer is 'Slime layer, capsule'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Binding of ribosomal subunits require specific critical concentration of

A
$$Ca^{++}$$

B
$$Na^{+}$$

C
$$Fe^{++}$$

D
$$Mg^{++}$$

Solution

Calcium ions are required for the binding it ribosomal subunits.
So the correct option is "Ca$${2+}$$".
Question 6
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Select the correct option:
If you remove the fimbriae from the bacterial cell, which of the following would you expect to happen?

A
The bacteria could no longer swim

B
The bacteria would not adhere to the host tissue

C
Transportation of molecules across the membrane would stop

D
The shape of bacteria would change

Solution

Fimbriae are hair-like structures present in large number in bacteria. They help in attaching bacteria to solid surfaces or host tissues.
So, the correct answer is 'The bacteria would not adhere to the host tissue'.
Question 7
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The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the major site for synthesis of _________.

A
Proteins

B
Lipids

C
Carbohydrates

D
Vitamins

Solution

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a membranous organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The main functions of SER are the synthesis of lipids, steroid hormones, the detoxification of harmful byproducts and storage and metabolism of calcium ions within the cell.
So, the correct answer is "lipids".
Question 8
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Which of the following is correct for the origin of lysosome $$(L)$$?

A
$$ER\rightarrow Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow L$$

B
$$Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow ER\rightarrow L$$

C
$$Nucleus \rightarrow Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow L$$

D
$$Mitochondria\rightarrow ER \rightarrow Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow L$$
Solution
- Lysosome enzymes are made by proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and enclosed within vesicles by the Golgi apparatus. They are formed from the Golgi complex by budding from the Golgi complex.
- It is formed from the fusion of vesicles from the Golgi complex with endosomes. Endosomes are vesicles that formed by endocytosis as a section of the plasma membrane pinches off and is internalized by the cell.
- So, the correct answer is 'ER → Golgi bodies → L'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which organelle is not a part of the endomembrane system?

A
ER

B
Golgi complx

C
Lysosomes

D
Mitochondria

Solution

Endomembrane system is a grouping of some membrane-bound organelles which function in close coordination with one another. Golgi complex, ER, lysosomes and vacuole form endomembrane system. Other organelles, viz., plastids, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc., do not coordinate and thus are not a part of the endomembrane system.
Question 10
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Lysosomes are the reserviors (store houses) of

A
Hydrolytic enzymes

B
Oxidative enzymes

C
Secretory glycoproteins

D
RNA and proteins

Solution

Lysosomes store the hydrolysing enzymes of the cell. The important enzymes are acid phosphatases, sulphatases, proteases, peptidases, nucleases, lipases and glycosidases.
So, the correct answer is 'Hydrolytic enzymes'.

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 72

Result

Cell The Unit of Life Test - 72

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Nucleus & E. R.

Mitochondria & chloroplast

Ribosome & nucleolus

Golgi body & Lysosome

Solution

Question 2

smaller, slower

larger, slower

smaller, faster

larger, faster

Solution

Question 3

Lacks histones

Not enveloped by nuclear membrane

Composed of a single circular DNA molecule

All of the above

Solution

Question 4

Capsule, slime layer

Slime layer, capsule

Mesosome, capsule

Mesosome, slime layer

Solution

Question 5

$$Ca^{++}$$

$$Na^{+}$$

$$Fe^{++}$$

$$Mg^{++}$$

Solution

Question 6

The bacteria could no longer swim

The bacteria would not adhere to the host tissue

Transportation of molecules across the membrane would stop

The shape of bacteria would change

Solution

Question 7

Proteins

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Vitamins

Solution

Question 8

$$ER\rightarrow Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow L$$

$$Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow ER\rightarrow L$$

$$Nucleus \rightarrow Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow L$$

$$Mitochondria\rightarrow ER \rightarrow Golgi\ bodies \rightarrow L$$

Solution

Question 9

ER

Golgi complx

Lysosomes

Mitochondria

Solution

Question 10

Hydrolytic enzymes

Oxidative enzymes

Secretory glycoproteins

RNA and proteins

Solution

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