Cell The Unit of Life Test

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 91

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Question 1
1 / -0

Ribosomes are particles about 200 $$\mathring{A}$$ units in diameter consisting of protein and RNA. The percentage of protein and RNA is respectively

A
$$80\%$$ and $$20\%$$

B
$$60\%$$ and $$40\%$$

C
$$50\%$$ and $$50\%$$

D
$$40\%$$ and $$60\%$$
Solution
- Ribosomes are particles about 200 $$\mathring{A}$$ in diameter consisting of protein and ribosomal RNA.
- In prokaryotes, ribosomes are roughly $$40\%$$ proteins and $$60\%$$ rRNA. In eukaryotes, ribosomes are made up of $$40\%$$ rRNA and $$80\%$$ proteins respectively.
  So, the correct option is D.
Question 2
1 / -0

Match the storage products listed in Column-I with the organisms given under Column-II; choose the appropriate option from the given choices.
Column-I Column-II
$$A$$. Glycogen $$p$$. Sargassum
$$B$$. Pyrenoids $$q$$. Nostoc
$$C$$. Laminarin and mannitol $$r$$. Polysiphonia
$$D$$. Floridean starch $$s$$. Spirogyra
$$t$$. Agaricus

A
A -r, B- s, C- p, D- t

B
A- s, B- r, C- t, D- q

C
A- t, B- s, C- p, D- r

D
A- q, B- p, C- s, D- r

Solution

There are a large number of dense, granular glycogen particles, a stored food in fungi such as Agaricus.
Pyrenoids occur in many of the algae and are associated with the chloroplasts. They are present in Spirogyra as well.
Food reserve of Sargassum is laminarin and mannitol.
The food is stored in the form of floridean starch in Polysiphonia.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
1 / -0

Abhi conducted an experiment to investigate what would happen when different cell organelles of a balsam plant leaf are removed. The results are recorded in the table given.
Cell parts Out comes
P The cell cannot function properly.
Q Iodine solution remains yellowish brown.
R The cell cannot control the entry and exit of the substances.
S The cell loses its regular shape
Identify the cell parts P, Q, R and S.

(P) (Q) (R) (S)
(A) Nucleus Chloroplast Cell wall Cytoplasm
(B) Cytoplasm Chloroplast Nucleus Cell membrane
(C) Nucleus Chloroplast Cell membrane Cell wall
(D) Nucleus Chloroplast Cell wall Cell membrane

A
A

B
B

C
C

D
D

Solution

The label P is the nucleus- is the controlling centre of the cell. All the activities of the cell are controlled and regulated by the nucleus and the cell cannot function properly in the absence of this organelle.
The label Q is the chloroplast which is responsible for making food in the form of starch which turns the iodine solution to bluish black. In the absence of chloroplast, the solution remains yellowish brown.
The label R is the cell membrane which controls the entry and the exit of the molecules.
The label S refers to the cell wall which maintains the shape of the cell.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
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The structure of E.coli chromosomal DNA is

A
Double stranded, right handed and circular

B
Single stranded, right handed and circular

C
Double stranded, left handed and linear

D
Double stranded, left handed and circular

Solution

The DNA of the bacteria is covalently circular. It forms the closed circular structure which is called as the bacterial chromosome. The DNA is double stranded molecule with the double helices. There are many loops formed due to folding of these helix structures which helps in the formation of the nucleiod. When there is no supercoiling, the DNA is circular and considered to be in the relaxed state. The structure is right handed DNA with double helix. There are about 10 nucleotide pairs per turn.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

All are membrane bound cell organelles except

A
Mitochondria

B
Lysosomes

C
Spherosomes

D
Ribosomes
Solution
A. Correct option is (D)
B. Explanation for the correct option
- The limiting membrane of cells and cellular organelles is composed of a three-layered structure- an inner lipid layer and two outer protein layers.
- This unit membrane surrounds most of the cellular organelles (Golgi apparatus, microbody, lysosomes etc.).
- Ribosomes are non-membranous cellular organelle thus, it lacks a unit membrane,
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following sequences represent a possible pathway in the production of a secretory protein?

A
Rough ER $$\rightarrow$$ Secretory vesicle $$\rightarrow$$ Ribosome $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus

B
Ribosome $$\rightarrow$$ Rough ER $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus $$\rightarrow$$ Secretory vesicle

C
Secretory vesicle $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus $$\rightarrow$$ Ribosomes $$\rightarrow$$ Rough ER

D
Rough ER $$\rightarrow$$ Ribosomes $$\rightarrow$$ Secretory vesicles $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus

Solution

A.Correct option-D
B.Eplanation for the correct option:

1. The mRNA is produced in the nucleus and then transported out in the cytoplasm.
2. The mRNA is translated to form the proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
3. The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains the ribosomes on the surface. These ribosomes help in the translation of the mRNA.
4. The proteins which are formed are packaged in the secretory vesicles.
5. These secretory vesicles help in the transport of the proteins to the Golgi apparatus.
6. The proteins move from the cis- to medial- and then to trans-Golgi. The proteins are then transported to their destination with the help of transport vesicles.
7. The proteins are folded during the process from the nucleus to the ER to Golgi.
Question 7
1 / -0

Prokaryotic cells are characterised by

A
A distinct nuclear membrane

B
Distinct chromosomes

C
Absence of chromatin material

D
Absence of nuclear membrane

Solution

Prokaryotic cells are those which lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Organisms that have prokaryotic cell do not contain a nucleus. They instead have a nucleoid region.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Absence of nuclear membrane'.
Question 8
1 / -0

How many different types of RNA polymerases are involved in synthesis of all rRNA of $$80s$$ ribosome?

A
Four

B
Three

C
Two

D
One

Solution

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is the RNA component of the ribosome. There are four different types of rRNA in 80s ribosomes, namely 28s rRNA, 18S rRNA, 5S rRNA, and 5.8S rRNA. There are three types of RNA polymerases, namely RNA polymerase I, RNA polymerase II and RNA polymerase III. RNA polymerase I is involved in the synthesis of 18S, 5.8S and 28S rRNA. RNA polymerase II is involved in synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). RNA polymerase III is involved in the synthesis of tRNA, 5SrRNA. Hence, there are two types of RNA polymerases involved in synthesis of all rRNA of 80S ribosome.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of these is wrongly matched?

A
70 S ribosomes-Prokaryotes

B
80 S ribosomes-Eukaryotes

C
Axoneme-Cilia

D
Centromere-Centrosome

E
Thylakoids-Chloroplast.

Solution

D. Centromere-Centrosome
EXPLANATION: Centrosomes consist of two centrioles and amorphous mass surrounding them called pericentriolar material. The centromere is a section of DNA that is responsible for the movement of replicated chromosomes to the daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following organelles is common to plant and animal cells?

A
Centrioles

B
Mitochondria

C
Tonoplast

D
Chloroplasts

Solution

Mitochondria are the power generating house of the cell. A biochemical process of the cell known as cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria of the cell. They produce energy by synthesizing ATP during cellular respiration. As both plants and animals are eukaryotes i.e, they have membrane-bound organelles. Mitochondria are found in both plants and animals. Plastids and vacuoles are specific to the plant cells. Centrioles are specific to the animal cell.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Mitochondria'.

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Column-I	Column-II
$$A$$. Glycogen	$$p$$. Sargassum
$$B$$. Pyrenoids	$$q$$. Nostoc
$$C$$. Laminarin and mannitol	$$r$$. Polysiphonia
$$D$$. Floridean starch	$$s$$. Spirogyra
	$$t$$. Agaricus

Cell parts	Out comes
P	The cell cannot function properly.
Q	Iodine solution remains yellowish brown.
R	The cell cannot control the entry and exit of the substances.
S	The cell loses its regular shape

	(P)	(Q)	(R)	(S)
(A)	Nucleus	Chloroplast	Cell wall	Cytoplasm
(B)	Cytoplasm	Chloroplast	Nucleus	Cell membrane
(C)	Nucleus	Chloroplast	Cell membrane	Cell wall
(D)	Nucleus	Chloroplast	Cell wall	Cell membrane

Cell The Unit of Life Test - 91

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Cell The Unit of Life Test - 91

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Question 1

$$80\%$$ and $$20\%$$

$$60\%$$ and $$40\%$$

$$50\%$$ and $$50\%$$

$$40\%$$ and $$60\%$$

Solution

Question 2

A -r, B- s, C- p, D- t

A- s, B- r, C- t, D- q

A- t, B- s, C- p, D- r

A- q, B- p, C- s, D- r

Solution

Question 3

A

B

C

D

Solution

Question 4

Double stranded, right handed and circular

Single stranded, right handed and circular

Double stranded, left handed and linear

Double stranded, left handed and circular

Solution

Question 5

Mitochondria

Lysosomes

Spherosomes

Ribosomes

Solution

Question 6

Rough ER $$\rightarrow$$ Secretory vesicle $$\rightarrow$$ Ribosome $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus

Ribosome $$\rightarrow$$ Rough ER $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus $$\rightarrow$$ Secretory vesicle

Secretory vesicle $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus $$\rightarrow$$ Ribosomes $$\rightarrow$$ Rough ER

Rough ER $$\rightarrow$$ Ribosomes $$\rightarrow$$ Secretory vesicles $$\rightarrow$$ Golgi apparatus

Solution

Question 7

A distinct nuclear membrane

Distinct chromosomes

Absence of chromatin material

Absence of nuclear membrane

Solution

Question 8

Four

Three

Two

One

Solution

Question 9

70 S ribosomes-Prokaryotes

80 S ribosomes-Eukaryotes

Axoneme-Cilia

Centromere-Centrosome

Thylakoids-Chloroplast.

Solution

Question 10

Centrioles

Mitochondria

Tonoplast

Chloroplasts

Solution

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