Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test

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Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test - 24

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The first three members of a homologous series are $$CH_4, C_2H_6, C_3H_8$$. The fifth member of this series will be:

A
$$C_5H_{10}$$

B
$$C_5H_{14}$$

C
$$C_5H_{12}$$

D
$$C_5H_{8}$$

Solution

General formula of homologous series is $$C_{n}H_{2n + 2}$$.
First member is methane i.e. $$CH_{4}$$
Second member is ethane i.e. $$C_{2}H_{6}$$
Third member is propane i.e. $$C_{3}H_{8}$$
Forth member is butane i.e. $$C_{4}H_{10}$$
Similarly, fifth member is pentane i.e $$C_{5}H_{12}$$
Question 2
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The secondary suffix 'one' indicates the following functional group in the compound.

A
$$-COOH$$

B

C

D
$$-OH$$

Solution

The secondary suffix. $$'one' $$ indicates the presence of $$Ketone$$ functional group in the compound.
Answer is [B]: $$R-C(=O)-R$$
Question 3
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Preceeding and succeeding homologous of $${C}_{10}{H}_{22}$$ respectively:

A
$${C}_{9}{H}_{20}, {C}_{11}{H}_{22}$$

B
$${C}_{9}{H}_{20}, {C}_{11}{H}_{24}$$

C
$${C}_{11}{H}_{24}, {C}_{9}{H}_{20}$$

D
$${C}_{8}{H}_{18}, {C}_{9}{H}_{20}$$

Solution

Preceeeding homologue is $$C_{9}H_{20}$$.
Succeeding homologue is $$C_{11}H_{24}$$.
Thus, option B is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following pairs are members of a homologous series?

A
$$CH_3OCH_3; CH_3CH_2OH$$

B
$$CH_3CHO; CH_3CH_2CHO$$

C
$$CH_3CH_2COOH; CH_3COOCH_3$$

D
$$(CH_3)_2CHOH; CH_3CH_2OH$$

Solution

Acetaldehyde i.e $$CH_{3}CHO$$ and propionaldehyde i.e $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CHO$$ belong from the aldehyde family hence they are homologous series.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
Question 5
1 / -0

The functional group of aldehdye is:

A

B

C

D

Solution

The functional group of aldehyde is $$-CHO$$.
Hence, option A is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Give the functional group of the following.
-COOH

A
Aldehydic group

B
Alcoholic group

C
Ketonic group

D
Carboxylic group

Solution

$$-COOH$$ represents a carboxylic group. It represents carbxylic acids such as acetic acid (ethanoic acid) $$CH_3-\underset {\underset {\displaystyle O}{ \displaystyle ||}}{C}-OH$$. The general formula of carboxylic acids is $$R-\underset {\underset {\displaystyle O}{ \displaystyle ||}}{C}-OH$$
Question 7
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Which of the following are members of same homologous series?

A
$$HCOOCH_3$$ and $$CH_3COOCH_3$$

B
$$HCOOH$$ and $$HCOOCH_3$$

C
$$CH_3COCH_3$$ and $$CH_3CH_2CHO$$

D
$$C_2H_5OH$$ and $$CH_3OCH_3$$
Solution
$$\bf{Hint:}$$ It is a series of compounds with similar chemical properties and some functional groups differing by methylene group ($$-CH_2$$)

$$\bf{Correct \ answer:}$$ Option $$A$$

$$\bf{Explanation \ for \ correct \ option:}$$

A homologous series is a family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties that share the same general formula.
Both given compound $$HCOOCH_{3}$$ and $$CH_{3}COOCH_{3}$$ are homologous series of a simple ester group $$RCOOH$$, where a successive methyl group $$-CH_{3}$$ added to previous one.

$$\bf{Explanation \ for \ incorrect \ options:}$$
Compound $$CH_3COOH$$ is a second homologous compound for $$HCOOH$$. It is not a successive member, therefore, it is not a member of the same homologous series.

In both compounds, $$CH_{3}COCH_{3}$$ and $$CH_{3}CH_{2}CHO$$ the functional group are different, hence it could not be homologous members.

In both compounds, $$C_{2}H_{5}OH$$ and $$CH_{3}OCH_{3}$$ the functional group are different, hence it could not be homologous members.
Question 8
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Which of the following represents ketones?

A
> C = O

B
- OH

C
-CHO

D
-COOH

Solution

$$COOH$$ = carboxylic acid , $$-CHO$$ = aldehydes $$>C=O$$ = ketones ,$$OH$$ = alcohol
So answer is A.
Question 9
1 / -0

Give the functional group of the following.
-CHO

A
Aldehydic group

B
Alcoholic group

C
Ketonic group

D
Carboxylic group

Solution

$$-CHO$$ represents a aldehyde group. It represents aldehydes such as acetaldehdye $$CH_3-\underset {\underset {\displaystyle O}{ \displaystyle ||}}{C}-H$$. The general formula of aldehdyes is $$R-\underset {\underset {\displaystyle O}{ \displaystyle ||}}{C}-H$$
Question 10
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Identify the compound with the help of molecular structure given in the figure :
$$H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-H$$

A
propane

B
pentane

C
ethane

D
butane

Solution

4 carbon saturated compound is butane. Other structure can be shown as follows :
Propane : $$H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-H$$

Ethane: $$H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-H$$

Pentane: $$H-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-\underset{H}{\underset{|}{\overset{H}{\overset{|}{C}}}}-H$$