Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test

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Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test - 6

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In organic compounds, when homolytic cleavage takes place, one of the electrons of the shared pair in a covalent bond goes with each of the bonded atoms. This results in the formation of

A
free radicals

B
carbanions

C
carbonium ion

D
a sextet electronic structure

Solution

In homolytic cleavage, or homolysis, the two electrons in a cleaved covalent bond are divided equally between the products. Thus, in homolytic cleavage, the movement of a single electron takes place instead of an electron pair. This process is also known as homolytic fission. Such cleavage results in the formation of neutral species (atom or group) which contains an unpaired electron. These species are called free radicals.
Question 2
1 / -0

In which bond of CH₃CH₂CH₂Br the inductive effect is expected to be the least?

A
bond between carbon-3 and carbon-2

B
bond between carbon-1 and Br

C
bond between carbon-1 and hydrogen

D
bond between carbon-2 and carbon-1

Solution

As distance of the functional group increases its inductive effect decreases. Carbon-3 is farthest from Br. So in the bond between carbon-2 and carbon-3 the inductive effect is the least
Question 3
1 / -0

To separate mixtures into their components, and also to test the purity of compounds, the popularly used technique is :

A
steam distillation

B
fractional distillation

C
differential extraction

D
chromatography

Solution

Chromatography is used for the purpose given. In this technique the mixture of substances is applied onto a stationary phase, which may be a solid or a liquid. A pure solvent, a mixture of solvents, or a gas is allowed to move slowly over the stationary phase. The components of the mixture get gradually separated from one another.
Question 4
1 / -0

The elements present in an organic compound are converted from covalent form into the ionic form by fusing the compound with sodium metal. This test is called

A
Lassaigne’s test

B
Iodoform test

C
Feulgen test

D
Fehling’s test

Solution

Nitrogen, sulphur, halogens and phosphorus present in an organic compound are detected by “Lassaigne’s test”. The elements present in the compound are converted from covalent form into the ionic form by fusing the compound with sodium metal. Cyanide, sulphide and halide of sodium so formed on sodium fusion are extracted from the fused mass by boiling it with distilled water. This extract is known as sodium fusion extract.
Question 5
1 / -0

The principle of partition chromatography is

A
separation of ions and polar molecules based on their affinity to ion exchanger

B
separation of a mixture over a column of adsorbent

C
continuous differential partitioning of components of a mixture

D
separation of substances of a mixture over a thin layer of an adsorbent

Solution

Partition chromatography is based on continuous differential partitioning of components of a mixture between stationary and mobile phases. Paper chromatography is a type of partition chromatography. In paper chromatography, a special quality paper known as chromatography paper is used. Chromatography paper contains water trapped in it, which acts as the stationary phase.
Question 6
1 / -0

Aniline is separated from aniline-water mixture using following technique:

A
Chromatography

B
Fractional distillation

C
Differential extraction

D
Steam distillation.

Solution

Steam distillation is a special type of distillation(separation process) for temperature sensitive materials like natural aromatic compounds.It was a popular laboratory method for purification of organic compounds..
Question 7
1 / -0

Sodium cyanide, sulphide and halide, (-CN, -S and -H, coming from organic compound) formed on fusion with sodium are extracted from the fused mass by boiling it with distilled water. This is called

A
Ion extract after sodium fusion

B
Sodium fusion extract

C
Double distillate

D
Sodium fusion ion extraction

Solution

Nitrogen, sulphur, halogens and phosphorus present in an organic compound are detected by “Lassaigne’s test”. The elements present in the compound are converted from covalent form into the ionic form by fusing the compound with sodium metal. Cyanide, sulphide and halide of sodium so formed on sodium fusion are extracted from the fused mass by boiling it with distilled water. This extract is known as sodium fusion extract.
Question 8
1 / -0

Geometrical isomers and Optical isomers are:

A
stereoisomers

B
position isomers

C
chain isomers

D
functional isomers

Solution

They are stereoisomers as they differ in the orientation of atoms in space.
Question 9
1 / -0

When an organic compound is present in an aqueous medium, it is separated by

A
steam distillation

B
fractional distillation

C
differential extraction

D
chromatography

Solution

Differential extraction or solvent extraction is an experimental technique where an organic compound can be isolated from its aqueous solution by shaking it with an organic solvent. The organic compound will dissolve in the organic solvent, and with the use of a separating funnel the organic solvent and water mixture is separated. The organic compound is obtained by evaporating the organic solvent.

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Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test - 6

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Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques Test - 6

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

free radicals

carbanions

carbonium ion

a sextet electronic structure

Solution

Question 2

bond between carbon-3 and carbon-2

bond between carbon-1 and Br

bond between carbon-1 and hydrogen

bond between carbon-2 and carbon-1

Solution

Question 3

steam distillation

fractional distillation

differential extraction

chromatography

Solution

Question 4

Lassaigne’s test

Iodoform test

Feulgen test

Fehling’s test

Solution

Question 5

separation of ions and polar molecules based on their affinity to ion exchanger

separation of a mixture over a column of adsorbent

continuous differential partitioning of components of a mixture

separation of substances of a mixture over a thin layer of an adsorbent

Solution

Question 6

Chromatography

Fractional distillation

Differential extraction

Steam distillation.

Solution

Question 7

Ion extract after sodium fusion

Sodium fusion extract

Double distillate

Sodium fusion ion extraction

Solution

Question 8

stereoisomers

position isomers

chain isomers

functional isomers

Solution

Question 9

steam distillation

fractional distillation

differential extraction

chromatography

Solution

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