Structure of Atom Test

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Structure of Atom Test - 1

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Question 1
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When an electric discharge is passed through gaseous hydrogen, the H₂ molecules dissociate and the energetically excited hydrogen atoms produced emit electromagnetic radiation of discrete frequencies. The hydrogen spectrum consists of

A
several lines named after their discoverers

B
several series of lines named after their discoverers

C
a continuous spectrum that reduces to zero at small wavelengths

D
a continuous spectrum that reduces to zero at large wavelengths

Solution

Explanation:

The emission spectrum of hydrogen consists of several series of sharp emission lines in the ultraviolet (Lyman series). in the visible (Balmer series). and in the infrared (Paschen series, Brackett series, etc,) regions of the spectrum. These series are named after their discoverer.
Question 2
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Absorption spectrum, seen as dark lines in an otherwise continuous spectrum, for a given material results from the material's (atom or molecules)

A
absorbing selected wavelengths and returning to normal ground state

B
absorbing selected wavelengths from an input of continuous spectrum

C
absorbing all wavelengths from an input of continuous spectrum

D
absorbing all wavelengths and returning to normal ground state

Solution

Explanation:

In an absorption spectrum, portions of a continuous spectrum (light containing all wavelengths) are missing because they have been absorbed by the medium through which the light has passed; the missing wavelengths appear as dark lines or gaps.
Question 3
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Emission spectrum of a material results from the material's (atom or molecules)

A
radiating a continuous spectrum

B
transition from normal to excited state

C
transition from excited to normal state

D
radiating an inverted spectrum

Solution

Explanation:

The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to an atom or molecule making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photon is equal to the energy difference between the two states. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, leading to different radiated wavelengths, make up an emission spectrum.
Question 4
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Photoelectric effect established that light

A
behaves like rays

B
behaves like waves

C
behaves like magnetic fields

D
behaves like particles

Solution

Explanation:

The emission of free electrons from a metal surface when light is shone on it is called the photoemission or the photoelectric effect. This effect led to the conclusion that light is made up of packets or quantum of energy. Einstein already associated the light quantum with momentum. This strongly supported the particle nature of light and these particles were named photons. Thus, the wave-particle duality of light came into picture. Einstein won the Nobel Prize for Physics not for his work on relativity, but for explaining the photoelectric effect.
Question 5
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Isotopes are the atoms with

A
same number of neutrons but different mass number

B
same mass number but different atomic number

C
same atomic number but different number of electrons

D
same atomic number but different mass number

Solution

Explanation:

The atoms of a chemical element can exist in different types. These are called isotopes. They have the same number of protons (and electrons), but different numbers of neutrons. Different isotopes of the same element have different masses.
Question 6
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Isobars are the atoms with

A
same atomic number but different number of neutrons

B
same atomic number but different mass number

C
same number of neutrons but different mass number

D
same mass number but different atomic number

Solution

Explanation:

Isobars are atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or number of protons) but have the same mass number.
Question 7
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Correct expression for mass number A is

A
A = number of electrons (Z)+ number of positrons (n)

B
A = number of protons (Z)+ number of electrons(n)

C
A = number of nucleons (Z) + number of neutrons (n)

D
A = number of protons (Z)+ number of neutrons (n)

Solution

Explanation:

Mass number. The mass number (symbol A), also called atomic mass number or nucleon number, is the total number of protons and neutrons (together known as nucleons) in an atomic nucleus.

mass No. = no. of protons + no. of neutrons.
Question 8
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Rutherford’s α–particle scattering experiment supported the discovery of

A
electron

B
nucleus

C
radioactivity

D
proton
Solution
Explanation:

Rutherford's model of an atom : Ernest Rutherford was interested in knowing how the electrons are arranged within an atom. Rutherford designed an experiment for this. In this experiment, fast moving alpha (α)-particles were made to fall on a thin gold foil.

On the basis of his experiment, Rutherford put forward the model of an atom, which had the following features:
- There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus.
- Nearly all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
- The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.
Question 9
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Charge on the electron was determined by

A
Electrical discharge carried out in the modified cathode ray tube

B
R.A. Millikan's oil drop experiment

C
x-ray tube experiments

D
cathode ray discharge tube experiments

Solution

Explanation:

In 1909, Robert Millikan and Harvey Fletcher conducted the oil drop experiment to determine the charge of an electron. They suspended tiny charged droplets of oil between two metal electrodes by balancing downward gravitational force with upward drag and electric forces.

The experiment helped earn Millikan a Nobel prize in 1923
Question 10
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Cathode rays or cathode ray particles are

A
neutrons

B
protons

C
muons

D
electrons

Solution

Explanation:

Cathode rays - In 1897, British physicist J. J. Thomson showed the rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the electron.

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Structure of Atom Test - 1

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Question 1

several lines named after their discoverers

several series of lines named after their discoverers

a continuous spectrum that reduces to zero at small wavelengths

a continuous spectrum that reduces to zero at large wavelengths

Solution

Question 2

absorbing selected wavelengths and returning to normal ground state

absorbing selected wavelengths from an input of continuous spectrum

absorbing all wavelengths from an input of continuous spectrum

absorbing all wavelengths and returning to normal ground state

Solution

Question 3

radiating a continuous spectrum

transition from normal to excited state

transition from excited to normal state

radiating an inverted spectrum

Solution

Question 4

behaves like rays

behaves like waves

behaves like magnetic fields

behaves like particles

Solution

Question 5

same number of neutrons but different mass number

same mass number but different atomic number

same atomic number but different number of electrons

same atomic number but different mass number

Solution

Question 6

same atomic number but different number of neutrons

same atomic number but different mass number

same number of neutrons but different mass number

same mass number but different atomic number

Solution

Question 7

A = number of electrons (Z)+ number of positrons (n)

A = number of protons (Z)+ number of electrons(n)

A = number of nucleons (Z) + number of neutrons (n)

A = number of protons (Z)+ number of neutrons (n)

Solution

Question 8

electron

nucleus

radioactivity

proton

Solution

Question 9

Electrical discharge carried out in the modified cathode ray tube

R.A. Millikan's oil drop experiment

x-ray tube experiments

cathode ray discharge tube experiments

Solution

Question 10

neutrons

protons

muons

electrons

Solution

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