Structure of Atom Test

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Structure of Atom Test - 33

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Question 1
1 / -0

............... of an element are the atoms of same element having same atomic number but different mass number.

A
Isotope

B
Isobar

C
Isotone

D
Isoelectron

Solution

Isotopes are atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Question 2
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If aufbau rule is not followed, $$_{20}Ca$$ will be placed in .......... block

A
s-

B
p-

C
d-

D
f-

Solution

Calcium-20-$${ 1s }^{ 2 }{ 2s }^{ 2 }{ 2p }^{ 6 }{ 3s }^{ 2 }{ 3p }^{ 6 }{ 4s }^{ 2 }$$. It is the diagonal filling of subshells that are given by Aufbau if is not followed then instead of 4s for two outer electrons 3d is filled.
Question 3
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Which of the following is the characteristic feature of an isotopes?

A
Same number of electrons and protons but different number of neutrons

B
Same number of electrons but different number of protons

C
Same number of neutrons but different number of electrons

D
None of the above

Solution

The characteristic feature of an isotope is that it has the same number of electrons and protons but a different number of neutrons. The number of nucleons (both protons and neutrons) in the nucleus is the atom's mass number, and each isotope of a given element has a different mass number.
For example, carbon has three isotopes $$C^{12}$$, $$C^{13}$$, and $$C^{14}$$. All the three have 6 protons, but their neutron numbers are 6, 7, and, 8 respectively. Hence option A is correct.
Question 4
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Directions For Questions

The sequence of filling electrons in sub-shells of elements with few exceptions in d block and f-block elements is governed by the Aufbau principle followed by Hund's rule and Pauli's exclusion principle.
a. The electron prefers to enter into sub-shells with lower (n+ l) value. The energy for a sub-shell of an element other than hydrogen is proportional to the sum of principal quantum number(n) and angular momentum quantum number.
b. If (n + l) value is the same for many sub-shells, the priority of electron filling is given to the sub-shell with lowest n value.
c. Fulfilled sub-shell is more stable less than half-filled.

...view full instructions

Which pair of sub-shell has same energy for above described exceptional element under rule (a)?

A
1s, 2s

B
2s, 2p

C
3d, 4p

D
5p, 4s

Solution

3d and 4p have same energy as 3+2 =5 and 4+1 =5.
Question 5
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Which one of the following sequences with regard to the energy content of different orbitals, is correct?

A
$$1s< 2s< 2p< 3d< 4s< 4p$$

B
$$1s< 2s< 2p< 4s< 3d< 4p$$

C
$$1s< 2s< 4s< 2p< 4p< 3d$$

D
$$1s< 2s< 3d< 4s< 2p< 4p$$

Solution

The energy content of different orbitals is as follows:
1s < 2s < 2p < 3s < 3p < 4s < 3d< 4p
So correct order is $$1s < 2s < 2p < 4s < 3d < 4p$$
So answer is B.
Question 6
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The radius of an atom is of the order of:

A
10$$^{-12}$$ cm

B
10$$^{-14}$$ cm

C
10$$^{-10}$$ cm

D
10$$^{-8}$$ cm
Question 7
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Which of the following is whole number?

A
Atomic mass

B
Atomic number

C
Atomic volume

D
Atomic radius

Solution

The atomic number is a whole number. For example, the atomic number of sodium is 11 and that of magnesium is 12. It is equal to number of protons. Similarly, the mass number is a whole number.

Atomic mass, atomic volume, and atomic radius can have fractional values. Thus, the atomic mass of potassium is 39.1 g/mol and that of calcium is 40.1 g/mol.

Thus, option $$B$$ is correct.
Question 8
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Structures of nuclei of three atoms A, B and C are given below :
A has 90 protons and 146 neutrons
B has 92 protons and 146 neutrons
C has 90 protons and 148 neutrons
Based on the above data, which of these atoms are isotopes and which are isobars ?

A
A and C are isotopes; B and C are isobars

B
A and B are isotopes; A and C are isobars

C
B and C are isobars; A and B are isotopes

D
A and C are isotopes; A and B are isobars

Solution

A and C are isotopes because they have the same atomic number.

B and C are isobars because they have the same mass number.
Question 9
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The atomic weight of an atom is due to:

A
electrons and protons

B
electrons and neutrons

C
neutrons and protons

D
electrons, neutrons and protons

Solution

Atomic weight is also known as relative atomic mass. An atomic weight of an element from a specified source is the ratio of the average mass per atom of the element to $$\frac1{12}^{th}$$ of the mass of an atom of carbon C-12. It consists of protons and neutrons.
Question 10
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The element with electronic configuration 2, 8, 6 is _____________.

A
metallic

B
non-metallic

C
metalloid

D
None of these

Solution

Electronic Configuration of the element is 2, 8, 6 . The element is Sulphur. Which is a non-metal.

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Structure of Atom Test - 33

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Structure of Atom Test - 33

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Question 1

Isotope

Isobar

Isotone

Isoelectron

Solution

Question 2

s-

p-

d-

f-

Solution

Question 3

Same number of electrons and protons but different number of neutrons

Same number of electrons but different number of protons

Same number of neutrons but different number of electrons

None of the above

Solution

Question 4

1s, 2s

2s, 2p

3d, 4p

5p, 4s

Solution

Question 5

$$1s< 2s< 2p< 3d< 4s< 4p$$

$$1s< 2s< 2p< 4s< 3d< 4p$$

$$1s< 2s< 4s< 2p< 4p< 3d$$

$$1s< 2s< 3d< 4s< 2p< 4p$$

Solution

Question 6

10$$^{-12}$$ cm

10$$^{-14}$$ cm

10$$^{-10}$$ cm

10$$^{-8}$$ cm

Question 7

Atomic mass

Atomic number

Atomic volume

Atomic radius

Solution

Question 8

A and C are isotopes; B and C are isobars

A and B are isotopes; A and C are isobars

B and C are isobars; A and B are isotopes

A and C are isotopes; A and B are isobars

Solution

Question 9

electrons and protons

electrons and neutrons

neutrons and protons

electrons, neutrons and protons

Solution

Question 10

metallic

non-metallic

metalloid

None of these

Solution

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