Structure of Atom Test

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Structure of Atom Test - 34

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Question 1
1 / -0

The number of electrons in an element with atomic number A and mass number B will be

A
A-B

B
B-A

C
B

D
A

Solution

No of electrons $$=$$ no. of protons$$ =$$ Atomic no.$$=$$X
Hence number of electron with atomic number A and mass number B will be A.
Question 2
1 / -0

A series of orbitals are given below. Identify the sets which represent the correct order of filling up of orbitals.
(A) $$3s,\ 3p,\ 3d,\ 4s,\ 4p$$
(B) $$4s,\ 4p,\ 5s,\ 4d,\ 5p,\ 4f$$
(C) $$2s,\ 2p,\ 3s,\ 3p, \ 4s,\ 3d,\ 4p$$
(D) $$1s,\ 2s,\ 2p,\ 3s,\ 3p,\ 3d$$

A
A and B

B
B and C

C
B and D

D
A and D

Solution

As per the Aufbau principle, the orbitals of lower energy are filled in first with the electrons and only then the orbitals of high energy are filled. The order of energy of orbitals are,
$$1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s$$

Hence, B and C represent the correct order of filling.
Question 3
1 / -0

An atom has 16 neutrons in its nucleus. The atomic no. of the element is 15 and the mass number of the element is__________.

A
15

B
16

C
31

D
None of these

Solution

An atom has 16 neutrons in its nucleus. The atomic no. of the element is 15 and the mass number of the element is 31.
Mass number $$=$$ Number of neutrons $$+$$ atomic number
Mass number $$=$$ 16 $$+$$15
Mass number $$=31$$
Question 4
1 / -0

For an atom of a given element, the number of electrons is given by _________.

A
the number of protons $$+$$ number of neutrons

B
the atomic number of the element

C
the number of proton $$-$$ number of neutrons

D
the mass number of the element

Solution

Atomic number is the number of protons or electrons found in the nucleus of the atom of an element and also the positive charge in the atomic nucleus.
Question 5
1 / -0

Isotopes are nuclei which have

A
Same number of protons

B
Same number of neutrons

C
Unequal electric charge

D
Equal mass

Solution

Isotopes are the species which have the same number of atomic number.
The atomic number is equals to the number of protons in an element.

So, the correct option is $$A$$
Question 6
1 / -0

Splitting of spectral lines in the presence of electric field is known as :

A
Stark effect

B
Zeeman's effect

C
Compton effect

D
Moseley's effect

Solution

The Stark effect is the shifting and splitting of spectral lines of atoms and molecules due to presence of an external static electric field.
Option A
Question 7
1 / -0

The number of unpaired electrons in a chromic ion $$Cr^{3+}$$ $$($$atomic number $$24)$$ is:

A
$$6$$

B
$$4$$

C
$$3$$

D
$$1$$

Solution

$$_{24}Cr={ 1s }^{ 2 }{ 2s }^{ 2 }{ 2p }^{ 6 }{ 3s }^{ 2 }{ 3p }^{ 6 }{ 3d }^{ 5 }{ 4s }^{ 1 }$$

$${ _{24}Cr }^{ 3+ }={ 1s }^{ 2 }{ 2s }^{ 2 }{ 2p }^{ 6 }{ 3s }^{ 2 }{ 3p }^{ 6 }{ 3d }^{ 3 }$$

Hence, it has 3 unpaired electrons in 3d orbitals.
Question 8
1 / -0

The number of electrons in an element with atomic number X and mass number Y will be:

A
X - Y

B
Y - X

C
X + Y

D
X

Solution

The number of electrons in an element with atomic number X and mass number Y will be X. It will be equal to the number of protons. The number of neutrons will be $$Y-X$$.
Number of electrons $$=$$ number of protons $$=$$ atomic number.
Number of neutrons $$=$$ Mass number $$-$$ atomic number.
Question 9
1 / -0

"The atom as a whole is electrically neutral", is a statement proposed by which atomic model?

A
Thomson's atomic model

B
Goldstein's atomic model

C
Chadwick's atomic model

D
None of the above
Solution
Thomson proposed that :
- An atom consists of a positively charged sphere and the electrons are embedded in it. Thus, the atom is visualized as a pudding or cake of positive charges with raisins (electrons) embedded into it. Hence it is the raisin pudding model or watermelon model.
- The negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude. So that atoms as a whole are electrically neutral.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following has maximum energy?

A

B

C

D

Solution

Electrons fill low energy orbitals (closer to the nucleus) before they fill higher energy ones. Where there is a choice between orbitals of equal energy, they fill the orbitals singly as far as possible. $$3d$$ orbital has higher energy electrons than $$3p$$ and $$3s$$. In option 'c' it has highest number of electrons, there are two unpaired electrons in $$3d$$ orbital while $$3p$$ has three unpaired electrons. Therefore has the maximum energy.

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Structure of Atom Test - 34

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Structure of Atom Test - 34

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Question 1

A-B

B-A

B

A

Solution

Question 2

A and B

B and C

B and D

A and D

Solution

Question 3

15

16

31

None of these

Solution

Question 4

the number of protons $$+$$ number of neutrons

the atomic number of the element

the number of proton $$-$$ number of neutrons

the mass number of the element

Solution

Question 5

Same number of protons

Same number of neutrons

Unequal electric charge

Equal mass

Solution

Question 6

Stark effect

Zeeman's effect

Compton effect

Moseley's effect

Solution

Question 7

$$6$$

$$4$$

$$3$$

$$1$$

Solution

Question 8

X - Y

Y - X

X + Y

X

Solution

Question 9

Thomson's atomic model

Goldstein's atomic model

Chadwick's atomic model

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

Solution

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