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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 26

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 26
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Element having greatest tendency to lose electrons is?
    Solution
    Fe being a transition element have less I.E and has more tendency to lose electron.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following order is wrong?
    Solution
    A. $$NH_3, PH_3, AsH_3$$ are basic due to the presence of lone pair of electrons on the central atom. but as the size increases down the group the basicity decreases due to electron cloud diffusion over large volume/size of the central atom. 

    Therefore the acidic strength will increase down the group as:
    $$NH_3<PH_3<AsH_3$$

    B. IE of elements increases from left to right in a period due to the increase in effective nuclear charge on the element. $$Be$$ has high IE than $$B$$ due to its completely filled $$2s$$ orbital that provides stability to the element. 

    Thus the order of $$IE_1$$ will be:$$Li<B<Be<C$$

    C. Oxides are acidic or basic due to the formation of the acidic or basic solution with water. Within a group, the basic strength of oxides increases with the size of the element and it decreases across a period. Thus $$K_2O$$ is more basic than $$Na_2O$$. And $$MgO$$ is more basic than $$Al_2O_3$$ and less than $$Na_2O$$. In fact $$Al_2O_3$$ is amphoteric oxide.

    Thus order of basic strength will be: $$K_2O>Na_2O>MgO>Al_2O_3$$

    D. Down the group the size of the elements increases due to which the polarizing power of cation decreases and its covalent character decreases and ionic character increases.

    ionic character order in group 1 should be: $$Li^+<Na^+<K^+<Cs^+$$

    Hence, the correct option is $$\text{B}$$
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Element of second period are called:
    Solution
    The element of the Second period is called normal element.
    Metals are generally present in group $$1$$ and group $$2$$ whereas the nonmetals are generally present in group $$13$$ to group $$18$$.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The property which regularly increases down the group in the periodic table is:
    Solution

    The metallic character is used to define the chemical property that metallic elements present. Generally, metals tend to lose electrons to form cations. Nonmetals tend to gain electrons to form anions. They also have a high oxidation potential therefore they are easily oxidized and are strong reducng agents. Thus the property which regularly increases down the group in the periodic table is Reducing nature.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The trend of electron affinity along a period____________
    Solution
    Electron affinity is defined as the amount of energy released when we add an electron to the outer most shell in it's gaseous state.

    In a period as the atomic size decreases as we move from left to right because of increase of nuclear charge but no change in the shell it can accept electrons easily.

    In general, electron affinity increases (or becomes more negative) from left to right across a period. This is due to increasing effective nuclear charge, which more readily pulls these new electrons in.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The element with configuration $$1s^2,2s^2,2p^6,3s^2$$ would be :
    Solution
    Since, it has two valence electrons, it is a part of alkaline earth metals, therefore, it is a metal.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Electronic configuration $$1s^2 2s^2 2px^1 2py^1 2pz^1$$ corresponds to :
    Solution
    Total number of electrons $$=$$ 7. Therefore ,atomic number of the element is 7, which is the atomic number of N.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    In a period, from the left to right the electron affinity increases, but alkaline earth metals have lower electron affinity than alkali metals because______
    Solution
    Alkali metals have a valence electron configuration of $$ns^1$$ so they can accept another electron in the ns orbital. 

    On the other hand, alkaline earth metals have a valence electron configuration of $$ns^2$$. 

    Alkaline earth metals have little tendency to accept another electron, as it would have to go into a higher energy p orbital.

    Option C is correct.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    From the following, identify least reactive element:
    Solution
    Element, $$_{10}Y^{20}$$ has the electronic configuration as 2, 8 has completely filled valence shell. So, it is least reactive.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
     Which alkali metal element is the most reactive?
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