Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 34

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Fluorine is the most reactive among all the halogens, because of it's:

A
small size

B
low dissociation energy of F - F bond

C
large size

D
high dissociation energy of F - F bond

Solution

Fluorine is the most reactive among all the halogens, because of it's low dissociation energy of $$F - F$$ bond. The dissociation energies (kcal/mol) in $$F_2, Cl_2, Br_2$$ and $$I_2$$ are 38, 57, 45.5 and 35.6 respectively.

In the case of fluorine:
(a) short bond length and larger repulsion between non-bonding electrons lead to low dissociation energy.
(b) absence of multiple bonding leads to low dissociation energy.
Question 2
1 / -0

Element of which atomic number has highest electron affinity?

A
35

B
17

C
9

D
53

Solution

The element of atomic number 17 (chlorine) has the highest electron affinity.
Chlorine has the most negative electron affinity of $$-348.3\ kJ/mol$$.
Question 3
1 / -0

Amongst the elements B, Al, C and Si
the element having most negative electron gain enthalpy is:

A
Si

B
B

C
C

D
Al

Solution

Among the elements B, Al, C and Si, the element having most negative electron gain enthalpy is C.
On moving from left to right in a period, the electron affinity increases as $$Z_{eff}$$ increases and size decreases.
Hence, $$\displaystyle E.A _{C} > E.A _{B}$$.
On moving down the group, the electron affinity decreases as $$Z_{eff}$$ decreases and size increases.
Hence, $$\displaystyle E.A _{C} > E.A _{Si}$$.
Question 4
1 / -0

The correct order of electron affinity of $$B, C, N, O$$ is :

A
$$O > C > N > B$$

B
$$B > N > C > O$$

C
$$O > C > B > N$$

D
$$O > B > C > N$$

Solution

The correct order of electron affinity of B, C, N, O is $$\displaystyle O>C>B>N $$.

On moving left to right in a period, the electron affinity becomes more negative.

N has positive electron affinity due to extra stability of exactly half-filled p orbitals.

Hence, the correct option is $$\text{C}$$
Question 5
1 / -0

The correct order of electron affinity for the different families is:

A
$$Halogen > carbon > nitrogen > oxygen$$

B
$$Halogen > oxygen > nitrogen > carbon$$

C
$$Halogen > nitrogen > carbon > oxygen$$

D
$$Halogen > oxygen > carbon > nitrogen$$

Solution

The correct order of electron affinity for the different families is $$\displaystyle Halogen>oxygen>carbon>nitrogen $$

On moving from left to right in a period, the electron affinity increases (becomes more negative). This is due to decrease in size and increase in nuclear charge.

The electron affinity of nitrogen is lower than the electron affinity of carbon due to the extra stability of half-filled p orbitals in nitrogen.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which is most acidic oxide ?

A
$$Cl_2O$$

B
$$Cl_2O_3$$

C
$$Cl_2O_6$$

D
$$Cl_2O_7$$

Solution

Hint :As oxidation state of central atom increases acidic nature increases.

Correct Answer : $$D$$

Explanation of Correct Option:
The acidic nature increases with increase of percentage of oxygen and oxidation number of central atom. Therefore, the increasing order of the acidic character will be

$$ Cl_2O < Cl_2O_3 < Cl_2O_6 < Cl_2O_7$$.
Oxidation number of $$Cl:$$ $$+1$$ $$+3$$ $$+6$$ $$+7$$

More the positive charge on chlorine atom greater is the acidic nature of oxide, therefore, $$\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}$$ is most acidic oxide.

Explanation of Incorrect Option:
In other oxides the oxidation state of chlorine less than $$+7$$ hence less acidic than $$\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}$$
Question 7
1 / -0

Highest electron affinity is associated with the configuration :

A
$$2s^2, 2p^0$$

B
$$2s^2, 2p^2$$

C
$$2s^2, 2p^3$$

D
$$2s^2, 2p^1$$

Solution

Highest electron-affinity is associated with the configuration $$2s^2, 2p^2$$. When an electron is added to this, stable electronic configuration $$2s^2, 2p^3 $$ is obtained in which 2s sub-shell is completely filled and 2p sub-shell is half filled. Hence, maximum amount of energy is released.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is affected by stable configuration of an atom?
(a) Electronegativity
(b) Ionisation potential
(c) Electron affinity
Correct answer is___________.

A
Only electronegativity

B
Only ionisation potential

C
Electron affinity and ionisation potential

D
All of the above

Solution

All of the following is affected by stable configuration of an atom.
(a) Electronegativity. Inert gases have zero electronegativity.
(b) Ionisation potential. Inert gases have very high value of ionisation energy as the removal of electron breaks the stable configuration.
(c) Electron affinity. Inert gases have positive value of the electron affinity due to presence of stable electronic configuration.
Question 9
1 / -0

Strongest reducing agent among the following is :

A
$$F^{\circleddash }$$

B
$$Cl^{\circleddash }$$

C
$$Br^{\circleddash }$$

D
$$I^{\circleddash }$$

Solution

Strongest reducing agent among the halide ions is $$I^{\circleddash }$$. Tendency to lose electrons and reducing power are directly related to each other. Large sized iodide ion has maximum tendency to lose electrons and has maximum reducing power.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following configuration will have least electron affinity?

A
$$ns^2np^5$$

B
$$ns^2np^2$$

C
$$ns^2np^3$$

D
$$ns^2np^4$$

Solution

The electron configuration $$ns^2np^3$$ will have least electron affinity. The np orbital is half filled which results in extra stability.

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 34

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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test - 34

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Question 1

small size

low dissociation energy of F - F bond

large size

high dissociation energy of F - F bond

Solution

Question 2

35

17

9

53

Solution

Question 3

Si

B

C

Al

Solution

Question 4

$$O > C > N > B$$

$$B > N > C > O$$

$$O > C > B > N$$

$$O > B > C > N$$

Solution

Question 5

$$Halogen > carbon > nitrogen > oxygen$$

$$Halogen > oxygen > nitrogen > carbon$$

$$Halogen > nitrogen > carbon > oxygen$$

$$Halogen > oxygen > carbon > nitrogen$$

Solution

Question 6

$$Cl_2O$$

$$Cl_2O_3$$

$$Cl_2O_6$$

$$Cl_2O_7$$

Solution

Question 7

$$2s^2, 2p^0$$

$$2s^2, 2p^2$$

$$2s^2, 2p^3$$

$$2s^2, 2p^1$$

Solution

Question 8

Only electronegativity

Only ionisation potential

Electron affinity and ionisation potential

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

$$F^{\circleddash }$$

$$Cl^{\circleddash }$$

$$Br^{\circleddash }$$

$$I^{\circleddash }$$

Solution

Question 10

$$ns^2np^5$$

$$ns^2np^2$$

$$ns^2np^3$$

$$ns^2np^4$$

Solution

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