Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Test

Directions For Questions

The amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom is called as first ionization energy $$ IE_{1} $$. Similarly the number of energies required to knock out second, third, etc.
(i) Nuclear change (ii) Atomic size (iii) penetration effect of the electrons (iv) shielding effect of the inner electrons and (v) electronic configurations (exactly half filed & completely filled configurations are considered extra stable) affect the ionization energies.
On the other hand, the amount of energy released when a natural isolated gaseous atom accepts an extra electron to form gaseous anion is called electron affinity.$$ O(g)+e^{-}\overset{exothermic}{\rightarrow}O^-(g);\Delta H_{eg}=-141 kJ mol^{-1} $$.....(a)

$$ O(g)+e^{-}\overset{Endothermic}{\rightarrow}O^{2-}(g);\Delta H_{eg}=+780kJmol^{-1} $$......(b)

In the (b) energy has to be supplied for the addition of the second electron due to electrostatic repulsion between an anion and extra electron (same charged species).The electron affinity of an element depends upon (i) atomic size(iii) unclear charge & (iii) electronic configuration. In general, ionization energy and electron affinity increases as the atomic radii decrease and nuclear charge increase across a period. In general, in a group, ionization energy and electron affinity decrease as the atomic size increases.
The members of the third period have some higher (e.g.O and F ) because second-period elements have a very small atomic size. Hence there is a tendency of electron-electron repulsion, which results in less evolution of energy in the formation of corresponding again.

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Classification ...

Question 1

N < O < Cl < Al

O < N < Al < Cl

Al < N < O < Cl

Cl < N < O < Al

Question 2

$$3-$$ block

$$2-$$ block

$$4-$$ block + lanthanides

$$3$$ block + lanthanides + actinides

Question 3

$$ns^2$$

$$ns^2 np^2$$

$$ns^2 np^4$$

$$ns^2 np^6$$

Question 4

$$ 1s^2, 2s^2 2p^3 $$

$$ 1s^2, 2s^2 2p^5 $$

$$ 1s^2, 2s^2 2p^6, 3s^2 3p^5 $$

$$ 1s^2, 2s^2 2p^6, 3s^2 3p^3 $$

$$ 1s^2, 2s^2 2p^6, 3s^1 $$

Question 5

potassium aluminium oxide

potassium aluminium $$(III)$$ trioxalate

potassium trioxatatoaluminate $$(III)$$

potassium tris (oxalato) aluminium

Question 6

$$5$$

$$4$$

$$3$$

$$2$$

Question 7

A and C

A and B

A and D

A and E

Question 8

Atomic radius and electron gain enthalpy (negative value)

Nuclear charge and ionisation enthalpy

lonisation enthalpy and electron gain enthalpy (negative value)

None of the above.

Question 9

The elements like F,Cl,Br etc having high values of electron affinity act as strong oxidising agent.

The elements having low values of ionisation energies act as strong reducing agent.

The formation of $$ Be^{-} $$ (g) from Be(g) is an endothermic process

All of these

Question 10

i ,ii iv

i, ii, iii ,iv

ii ,iv

i, iii, iv

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