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Thermodynamics ...

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  • Question 1
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    Chemical reaction is invariably associated with the transfer of energy either in the form of heat or light. In the laboratory, heat changes in physical and chemical processes are measured with an instrument called Calorimeter. Heat change in the process is calculated as :

    $$q = ms\Delta T$$ ........ $$s= specific\quad heat$$
      $$= c\Delta T$$ ....... $$c= heat\quad capacity$$

    Heat of reaction at constant volume is measured using bomb Calorimeter.
    $$q_V = \Delta U = $$internal energy change

    Heat of reaction at constant pressure is measured using bomb Calorimeter.
    $$q_P = \Delta H$$
    $$q_P = q_V + P\Delta V$$
    $$\Delta H = \Delta U + \Delta nRT$$
    The heat capacity of a bomb calorimeter is $$500  J  K^{ -1 }$$. When $$0.1  g$$ of Methane was burnt in this calorimeter, the temperature rose by $$2^{ \circ }C$$. The value of $$\Delta U$$ per mole will be :

  • Question 2
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    The free energy changes for the two reactions given below are:


    a. $$SO_2(g) + Cl_2(g)\longrightarrow SO_2Cl_2(g), \Delta G = -2270 cal$$
    b. $$S(Rhomb) + O_2(g) + Cl_2(g)\longrightarrow SO_2Cl_2(g), \Delta G = -74060 cal$$

    Find $$\Delta G$$ for the reaction $$S(rhom) + O_2(g)\longrightarrow SO_2(g)$$.

  • Question 3
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    Which law of thermodynamics states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed, it can change from one to another?

  • Question 4
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    Hess law is applicable for determination of enthalpy of

  • Question 5
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    Use the bond energies to estimate $$\Delta H$$ for this reaction:

    $$H_2(g) + O_2(g)\longrightarrow H_2O_2(g)$$

  • Question 6
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    A change in the free energy of a system at constant temperature and pressure will be:


    $$\Delta_{ sys }G = \Delta_{ sys }H - T\Delta_{ sys }S$$

    At constant temperature and pressure
    $$\Delta_{ sys }G < 0 (spontaneous)$$
    $$\Delta_{ sys }G = 0 (equilibrium)$$
    $$\Delta_{ sys }G > 0 (non-spontaneous)$$

    The free energy for a reaction having $$\Delta H = 31400  cal$$, $$\Delta S = 32  cal  K^{ -1 }  mol^{ -1 }$$ at $$1000^{ \circ }C$$ is?

  • Question 7
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    The heat of hydrogenation of ethene is $$x_1$$ and that of benzene is $$x_2$$
    Hence resonance energy of benzene is

  • Question 8
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    $$C(diamond) + 2H_2(g)\longrightarrow CH_4(g);\,\,\Delta H_1$$ 


    $$C(g) + 4H(g)\longrightarrow CH_4(g);\,\,\Delta H_2$$

    Select the correct relation.

  • Question 9
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    $$H_2(g) + Br_2(g)\longrightarrow 2HBr(g);  \Delta H^{ \ominus } = -72.40  kJ$$
    $$\Delta G^{ \ominus } = -106.49  kJ, T = 298  K$$
    The value $$\Delta S$$ is . 

  • Question 10
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    A bomb calorimeter is used to measure the value of heat of reaction at a constant

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