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Thermodynamics ...

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  • Question 1
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    Directions For Questions

    For the reaction at $$25^{o}C, X_{2}C_{4}O (I) \rightarrow 2XO_{2} (g), \triangle E^{o} = 2.1 \ kcal$$ and $$\triangle S^{o}= 20\ cal/K$$.

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    The reaction is ?

  • Question 2
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    When we take acetone in a test tube it feels cold. Which reaction occurs in the process?

  • Question 3
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    Which of the following salts shall cause more cooling when one mole of the salt is dissolved in the same amount of water ? (Integral heat of solution at $$298\ K$$ is given for each solute.)

  • Question 4
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    In an ice calorimeter, a chemical reaction is allowed to occur in thermal contact with an ice-water mixture at $$0^{o}C$$. Any heat liberated by the reaction is used to melt some ice; the volume change of the ice-water mixture indicates the amount of melting. When solutions containing $$1.0$$ millimole each of $$AgNO_{3}$$ and $$NaCl$$ were mixed in such a calorimeter, both solution having been pre-cooled to $$0^{o}C$$, $$0.20\ g$$ of ice-melted. Assuming complete reaction in this experiment, what is $$\Delta H$$ for the reactions: $$Ag^{+}(aq)+Cl^{-}(aq)\rightarrow AgCl(s)$$ ? Latent heat of fusion of ice at $$0^{o}C$$ is $$80\ cal/g$$.

  • Question 5
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    For an ideal solution containing two liquid components A and B, the Gibbs free energy of mixing is minimum, when the molar ratio of the liquids is 

  • Question 6
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    Ethyl chlorine is prepared by reaction of ethylene with hydrogen chloride as:


    $$C_{2}H_{4}(g)+HCl(g)\rightarrow C_{2}H_{5}Cl(g); \Delta H=-72.3\ kJ$$

    What is the value of $$\Delta U$$(in $$kJ$$) if $$70\ g$$ of ethylene and $$73\ g$$ of $$HCl$$ are allowed to react?

  • Question 7
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    The factor of $$\triangle G$$ values is important in metallurgy. The $$\triangle G$$ values for the following reactions at $$800^{o}C$$ are given as :
    $$S_{2} (s)+ 2O_{2} (g) \rightarrow 2SO_{2} (g) ; \triangle G=-544\ kJ$$
    $$2Zn(s)+ S_{2} (s) \rightarrow 2Zn S(s); \triangle G= -293\ k J$$
    $$2Zn(s) + O_{2} (g) \rightarrow 2ZnO(s) ; \triangle G= -480\ kJ$$
    The $$\triangle G$$ for the reaction : $$2ZnS(s)+ 3O_{2} (g) \rightarrow 2 ZnO (s) + 2SO_{2} $$ will be 

  • Question 8
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    The strain energy (in $$kJ/mol$$) of cyclopropane from the following data:

    $$\Delta_{f}H[C_{3}H_{6}(g)]=53.0\ kJ/mol; \Delta_{f}H[C(g)]=715.0\ kJ/mol; \Delta_{f}H[H(g)]=218.0\ kJ/mol$$

    $$BE(C-C)=356.0\ kJ/mol; BE(C-H)=408.0\ kJ/mol$$

  • Question 9
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    What is the thermodynamic condition for the feasibility of a process?

  • Question 10
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    The standard state Gibbs energies of formation of C(graphite) and C (diamond) at T=298 K are
    $$\Delta_f G^{\circ}[C(graphite)]= 0 KJ mol^{-1}$$
    $$\Delta_f G^{\circ}[C(diamond)]=2.9 KJ mol^{-1}$$ 
    The standard state means that the pressure should be 1 bar and substance should be pure at a given temperature. The conversion of graphite to diamond reduce its volume by $$2\times 10^{-6} m^3 mol^{-1}$$ If C(graphite) is converted C isothermally at T=298 K, the pressure at which C(graphite) is in equilibrium with C(diamond) is $$( 1J =1 kJ m^2 s^{-2}, 1 Pa=1 kJ m^{-1} s^{-2}, 1bar= 10^5Pa)$$

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