Thermal Properties of Matter Test

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Thermal Properties of Matter Test - 42

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In which of the following phenomena, the heat waves travel along straight lines with the speed of light?

A
Thermal conduction

B
Forced convection

C
Natural convection

D
Thermal radiation

Solution

During thermal radiation, the heat waves travel along straight lines with the speed of light.
Question 2
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Describe the anomalous expansion of water?

A
When cooled below 4 degrees Celsius, it starts expanding until it becomes ice at 0 degrees Celsius

B
When cooled below 4 degrees Celsius, it starts contacting until it becomes ice at 0 degrees Celsius

C
When cooled below 4 degrees Celsius, it's volume remains same until it becomes ice at 0 degrees Celsius

D
None of the above

Solution

The anomalous expansion of water is the property of water where by it expands instead of contracting when temperature goes from $$4^oC$$ to $$0^oC$$
Question 3
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The temperature of a 3 kg block of aluminium increased by 3 degrees. How much heat would be needed to raise the temperature of a 9 kg block of aluminum by 3 degrees?

A
9 times as much heat as the 3 kg block

B
3 times as much heat as the 3 kg block

C
the same amount of heat as the 3 kg block

D
one-third as much heat as the 3 kg block

E
one-ninth as much heat as the 3 kg block

Solution

Given : $$\Delta T = 3^o C$$
Let the specific heat of aluminium be $$S$$.
The initial mass to be heated $$m_i = 3kg$$
$$\therefore$$ $$Q_i = m_i S \Delta T = 3 \times S \times 3 =9S J$$

Now the mass of aluminium to be heated $$m_f = 9 kg$$
$$\therefore$$ Heat required $$Q_f = 9 \times S \times 3 = 27 S = 3 Q_i\ J$$
Thus option B is correct.
Question 4
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If the pressure of the gas contained in a vessel is increased by $$0.4$$%, when heated through $$\displaystyle { 1 }^{ \circ }C$$. What is the initial temperature of the gas?

A
$$\displaystyle 250K$$

B
$$\displaystyle { 250 }^{ \circ }C$$

C
$$\displaystyle 2500K$$

D
$$\displaystyle { 25 }^{ \circ }C$$

Solution

For an Ideal Gas,
$$PV=nRT$$
$$\implies V\Delta P =nR\Delta T$$
$$\implies \dfrac{\Delta P}{P}=\dfrac{\Delta T}{T}=0.004$$
$$\implies T=\dfrac{\Delta T}{0.004}=\dfrac{1K}{0.004}=250K$$
Question 5
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A closed container of volume V contains an ideal gas at pressure P and Kelvin Temperature T. The temperature of the gas is changed to 4T due to passing heat to the container. Choose correct pairs of pressure and volume after change of the temperature.

A
$$P\;and \;V$$

B
$$\displaystyle P\;and \frac{1}{2}V$$

C
$$4\;P\;and \;4\;V$$

D
$$4\;P\;and \;V$$

E
$$\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\;P\;and\;V$$

Solution

As the container is closed, thus the volume of the gas remains constant i.e $$V$$
Using ideal gas equation, $$PV = nRT$$ $$\implies$$ $$\dfrac{P}{T} = \dfrac{nR}{V} =constant$$
$$\therefore$$ $$\dfrac{P}{T} =\dfrac{P'}{T'}$$ where $$T' = 4T$$

OR $$\dfrac{P}{T} =\dfrac{P'}{4T}$$ $$\implies P' = 4P$$
Hence the final pressure and volume of the gas is $$4P$$ and $$V$$ respectively.
Question 6
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A gas in a flexible container initially has volume of 320 L. If we decrease the pressure of the gas from 4.0 atm to 1.0 atm and decrease the temperature form 273 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius, what is the new volume of the gas?

A
0 L

B
320 L

C
160 L

D
640 L

E
80 L

Solution

Given : $$V_1 = 320$$ L , $$P_1 = 4.0$$ atm, $$P_2 = 1.0$$ atm
Initial temperature, $$T_1 = 273 ^oC =546$$ K
Final temperature, $$T_2 = 0 ^oC =273$$ K
Using $$\dfrac{P_2V_2}{T_2} = \dfrac{P_1 V_1}{T_1}$$

$$\therefore$$ $$\dfrac{1.0 \times V_2}{273} = \dfrac{4.0 \times 320}{546}$$ $$\implies V_2 = 640$$ L
Question 7
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Identify the statement in which the mode of heat transfer is convection ?

A
The heat of the sun warming our planet

B
The heat from an electric stove warming a frying pan

C
Ice cubes cooling a drink

D
A microwave oven cooking a meal

E
An overhead fan cooling a room

Solution

When an ice cube melts in a drink, the molecules of the drink at a higher temperature come to the ice cube and cool down. Whereas the melted particles of ice go to fulfill the empty space from where molecules of the drink have come. As the particles are moving in this heat transfer, so it is convection.
Question 8
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Directions For Questions

In above shown figure, a candle is burning inside the metal box. The heat transfer between box and its surrounding can be by three types of heat transfer.
I. radiation
II. conduction
III. convection

...view full instructions

Heat can be transferred to the inside surface of the walls of the container by which of the above?

A
I only

B
I and II only

C
I and III only

D
II only

E
I, II, and III only

Solution

As the candle is burning, it radiates heat in the form of infrared radiation, and also heats the air around it, creating convection currents that reach the inner walls of the container.
Conduction of heat is not responsible for heating up the inner wall as there is no direct contact between the flame and the inner wall.
Question 9
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At $$\displaystyle { 10 }^{ \circ }C$$, the value of the density of a fixed mass of an ideal gas divided by its pressure is $$'x'$$, at $$\displaystyle { 110 }^{ \circ }C$$ this ratio is:

A
$$\displaystyle \frac { 10 }{ 110 } x$$

B
$$\displaystyle \frac { 383 }{ 283 } x$$

C
$$\displaystyle \frac { 110 }{ 10 } x$$

D
$$\displaystyle \frac { 283 }{ 383 } x$$

Solution

Let the ratio of density and pressure be $$r$$.

From Ideal Gas Equation, $$\rho =\dfrac { PM }{ RT } $$

$$r=\dfrac { \rho }{ P } =\dfrac { M }{ RT } $$

$$\therefore \dfrac { { r }_{ 2 } }{ { r }_{ 1 } } =\dfrac { { T }_{ 1 } }{ { T }_{ 2 } } =\dfrac { 273+10 }{ 273+110 } =\dfrac { 283 }{ 383 } $$

$${ r }_{ 2 }=\dfrac { 283 }{ 383 } x$$
Question 10
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The temperature of the water of a pond is $${0}^{o}C$$ while that of the surrounding atmosphere is $$-{20}^{o}C$$. If the density of ice is $$\rho$$, coefficient of thermal conductivity is $$k$$ and latent heat of melting is $$L$$ then the thickness $$Z$$ of ice layer formed increases as a function of time $$t$$ as :

A
$${Z}^{2}=\cfrac{60k}{\rho L}t$$

B
$$Z=\sqrt { \cfrac { 40k }{ \rho L } t } $$

C
$${Z}^{2}=\cfrac { 40k }{ \rho L } \sqrt { t } $$

D
$${Z}^{2}=\cfrac{40k}{\rho L}t$$

Solution

According to the question, the above diagram can be drawn.
So, $$H=\dfrac{dQ}{dT}=\dfrac{kA(0-(-20))}{x}$$
$$\implies \dfrac{dm}{dt}L=\dfrac{kA(20)}{x}$$
$$\implies \rho A\dfrac{dx}{dt}L=\dfrac{kA(20)}{x}$$
On integrating both sides, we get:
$$\int _{ 0 }^{ z }{xdx } =\dfrac{20k}{\rho L}\int_{0}^{t}{dt}$$
$$\implies z^2=\dfrac{40k}{\rho L}t$$

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Thermal Properties of Matter Test - 42

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Thermal Properties of Matter Test - 42

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Question 1

Thermal conduction

Forced convection

Natural convection

Thermal radiation

Solution

Question 2

When cooled below 4 degrees Celsius, it starts expanding until it becomes ice at 0 degrees Celsius

When cooled below 4 degrees Celsius, it starts contacting until it becomes ice at 0 degrees Celsius

When cooled below 4 degrees Celsius, it's volume remains same until it becomes ice at 0 degrees Celsius

None of the above

Solution

Question 3

9 times as much heat as the 3 kg block

3 times as much heat as the 3 kg block

the same amount of heat as the 3 kg block

one-third as much heat as the 3 kg block

one-ninth as much heat as the 3 kg block

Solution

Question 4

$$\displaystyle 250K$$

$$\displaystyle { 250 }^{ \circ }C$$

$$\displaystyle 2500K$$

$$\displaystyle { 25 }^{ \circ }C$$

Solution

Question 5

$$P\;and \;V$$

$$\displaystyle P\;and \frac{1}{2}V$$

$$4\;P\;and \;4\;V$$

$$4\;P\;and \;V$$

$$\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\;P\;and\;V$$

Solution

Question 6

0 L

320 L

160 L

640 L

80 L

Solution

Question 7

The heat of the sun warming our planet

The heat from an electric stove warming a frying pan

Ice cubes cooling a drink

A microwave oven cooking a meal

An overhead fan cooling a room

Solution

Question 8

I only

I and II only

I and III only

II only

I, II, and III only

Solution

Question 9

$$\displaystyle \frac { 10 }{ 110 } x$$

$$\displaystyle \frac { 383 }{ 283 } x$$

$$\displaystyle \frac { 110 }{ 10 } x$$

$$\displaystyle \frac { 283 }{ 383 } x$$

Solution

Question 10

$${Z}^{2}=\cfrac{60k}{\rho L}t$$

$$Z=\sqrt { \cfrac { 40k }{ \rho L } t } $$

$${Z}^{2}=\cfrac { 40k }{ \rho L } \sqrt { t } $$

$${Z}^{2}=\cfrac{40k}{\rho L}t$$

Solution

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