Units and Measurements Test - 7

A physical quantity is a physical property of a phenomenon, body, or substance, that can be quantified by measurement.A physical quantity can be expressed as the combination of a magnitude expressed by a number – usually a real number – and a unit.

All these given above can be expressed as explained so these are physical quantity.

The Measurement of a given quantity is essentially an act or result of comparison between a quantity whose magnitude (amount) is unknown, with a similar quantity whose magnitude (amount) is known, the latter quantity being called a Standard.

A base quantity is chosen and arbitrarily defined, rather than being derived from a combination of other physical quantities. The 7 base quantities are:

Unit is the reference used as the standard measurement of a physical quantity. The unit in which the fundamental quantities are measured are called fundamental unit and the units used to measure derived quantities are called derived units.

The joule (symbol J), is a derived unit of energy in the International System of Units. It is equal to the energy transferred to (or work done on) an object when a force of one newton acts on that object in the direction of its motion through a distance of one metre (1 newton metre or N⋅m).

The newton is the SI unit for force; it is equal to the amount of net force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram at a rate of one meter per second squared.

The smallest value that can be measured by the measuring instrument is called its least count. Measured values are good only up to this value. The least count error is the error associated with the resolution of the instrument.

Resolution is the smallest amount of input signal change that the instrument can detect reliably. This term is determined by the instrument noise (either circuit or quantization noise).