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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 22

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 22
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one is a non-symbiotic nitrogen fixer?
    Solution
    Nostoc is a free-living (non-symbiotic) autotrophic Cyanobacteria and used as biofertilser for wetland rice and can provide 25-30 kg nitrogen/hectare. The heterocysts are the sites of nitrogen fixation. Heterocyst formation occurs only in filamentous Cyanobacteria.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Latest trend in plant disease control is
    Solution
    Integrated pest management (IPM) is the programme which particularly focuses on agricultural crop diseases and its management. According to It, the use of biological control agent or other living organisms can control the plant diseases. Biological control is environment-friendly and effective against a broad range of insect pests and relatively easy to adopt.
    So, the correct answer is 'Biological control'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which of the following aquatic fern is an excellent bio fertilizer?
    Solution
    Azolla pinnata is an aquatic fern, which contains a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. It contains Anabaena azollae in its leaf cavities. It is an excellent biofertilizer for paddy fields because they can fix nitrogen in moist condition also.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Leghaemoglobin takes part in
    Solution
    The pink color, typical of healthy and effective nodules, is due to the presence of a protein called leghemoglobin. This special protein contains Iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo) and is responsible for binding oxygen. This provides sufficient oxygen for the metabolic functions of the bacteroids but prevents the accumulation of free oxygen that would destroy the activity of nitrogenase.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    A common biocontrol agent for the control of plant diseases is
    Solution
    • Trichoderma species of fungi are commonly found in the soil. They form symbiotic associations with plants. They do not cause any infection or disease in plants but suppress the infection by other species of fungus. 
    • The common species of Trichoderma are T. herbarium, T. viridae and T. hamatum. 
    • These species are popular biological agents to protect crops against plant pathogens, all over the world. 
    • They are commonly used for root infections but can also be useful in preventing foliar disease. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which weed has been eradicated by biological control?
    Solution
    Cactus was the plant which had beautiful flowers and grows very rapidly. This property of the plant was used to decorate the fences or use the plant as hedges in agricultural land sand farms. The plant has been eradicated by the method of biological control. It was done by introducing the cochineal insect Cactoblastis Cactorum. The insect is a type of moth which exceptionally feeds on the cactus plant. Biological control is a method of controlling pests by using microbes and it is based on the the natural predation or parasitism.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Confusion technique uses
    Solution
    The aim of the confusion technique is to lay artificial pheromone trails or even to saturate the crop environment with the odour of synthetic pheromone, in order to confuse the males and prevent them from locating females. It is expensive and therefore not usually practical
    So, the correct answer is 'Pheromone'
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    First bioinsecticide developed on commercial scale was
    Solution
    The first bioinsecticide developed on the commercial scale was sporeine. Sporeine is the trade name given to the commercial product made from Bacillus thuringiensis. The active ingredient in Bacillus thuringiensis is a toxic protein which gets activated in the alkaline pH of the insects. The protein actually binds to specific sites on the midgut of insects and creates pores which destroy the pests. It is mainly used as an insecticide in agriculture. The earliest commercial production of Bt began in France in approximately 1938, under the trade name 'sporeine'.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which one is a biofertilizer
    Solution
    All cyanophyceae member's are biofertilizers because they has fixing of NZ e.g. Nostoc. Rebulla, Rhizobia etc. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Biological control of pests is 
    Solution
    • The biological method is the technique in which there is the use of living microorganisms or their product for the control of pests. 
    • This method uses the microbes which act as predators or enemies of the target pest species. 
    • The biological control method is often relatively inexpensive because the method uses microorganisms that can be easily cultured. 
    • They do not contribute the pollution. 
    • If biocontrol agents are introduced in any area, they can survive for multiple years and are capable of continuing or renewing themselves indefinitely i.e. become self-perpetuating. 

    Thus, the correct answer is option C. 
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