Microbes in Human Welfare Test

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 24

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Biogas produced through anaerobic fermentation of organic material is primarily

A
$$CO$$

B
$$O_{2}$$

C
$$CH_{4}$$

D
$$CH_{3}$$

Solution

Biogas is a gaseous fuel produced by the fermentation of organic matter. Biogas is mostly made of methane and carbon dioxide plus small amounts of some other gases. Biogas generally contains 55%-75% methane and 44%-24% carbon dioxide, with the other gases making up 1% or less of the mixture.
Question 2
1 / -0

Nif genes occur in

A
Rhizobium

B
Penicillium

C
Aspergillus

D
Streptococcus

Solution

Nif is a nitrogen fixation gene which occurs in Rhizobium. It fixes atmospheric nitrogen into a form of nitrogen available to living organisms. The nif genes are found in both free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria and symbiotic bacteria associated with various plants.
So, the correct answer is 'Rhizobium'
Question 3
1 / -0

Terramycin is obtained from

A
Streptomyces venezuelae

B
Streptomyces aureofaciens

C
Streptomyces rimosus

D
Streptomyces griseus

Solution

Terramycin is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces rimosus, a species of actinomycete isolated from a soil sample. It is amphoteric and forms a hydrochloride and a sodium salt. Terramycin had a low degree of toxicity in animals and that the crystalline hydrochloride salt possessed a wide range of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms
So, the correct answer is 'Streptomyces rimosus'
Question 4
1 / -0

Biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation of water biomass consists of

A
Methane

B
Traces of $$H_{2},H_{2}S\, and \, N_{2}$$

C
$$CO_{2}$$

D
All of the above
Solution
- Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of many organic matters in the absence of oxygen.
- Biogas can be produced from regionally available raw materials such as recycled waste.
- It is a renewable energy source. It is primarily methane (CH$$_{4}$$) and carbon dioxide (CO$$_{2}$$) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H$$_{2}$$S), moisture, and siloxanes.
- So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which bacteria is used as biopesticide first on the commercial scale in the world?

A
Bacillus thuringiensis

B
E. coli

C
Pseudomonas aeruginosa

D
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is a harmful microorganism?

A

B

C

D

Solution

The organism depicted in the figure is Streptococcus mutans. These are bacteria that are responsible for teeth decay. They attach to the teeth enamel with the help of slime layer and cause teeth decay. Hence they are harmful microorganisms. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

IRRI proposed which one of the following for the prevention of fertilizers pollution in agriculture?

A
Trickling filter method

B
Mudball technique

C
Both A and B

D
None of the above

Solution

International Resources and Recycling Institute is one of the groups which proposes certain methods that help in reduction of pollution. The group proposed two methods which can be used for the prevention of pollution by the fertilizers in agriculture. Trickling filter method and mudball technique are used. The methods can be used to enhance the process of irrigation and distribution of the nutrients over the land. These techniques are widely used in the rice fields.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which one of the following nutrients is not available in fertilizers?

A
Nitrogen

B
Phosphorus

C
Iron

D
Potassium

Solution

Fertilizers provide three main macronutrients: potassium, nitrogen and phosphorous which are consumed in larger quantities and are present in plant tissue, in quantities from 0.15% to 6.0% of a dry matter (DM) (0% moisture) basis. Iron is a micronutrient for plant growth which is not available in fertilizers.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
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The prerequisites for biotechnological production of antibiotics is

A
to search an antibiotic producing micro- organism

B
to islate the antibiotic gene

C
to join antibiotic gene with E. coli plasmid

D
all of the above

Solution

The antibiotic is the chemical substance produced by the microorganisms that can kill or inhibit the growth of the other microorganisms. It can be produced biotechnologically by identifying and culturing the antibiotic-producing microorganisms. Useful antibiotics are often discovered using a screening process. To conduct such a screen, isolates of many different microorganisms are cultured and then tested for production of products that inhibit the growth of test organisms. The best candidates are examined and modified by inserting isolated antibiotic coding genes with the help of vector such as plasmid. Once the process is complete, the antibiotic must be extracted and purified to a crystalline product.
So, the correct option is D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which one of the micro-organism is used for production of citric acid in industries?

A
Lactobacillus bulgaricus

B
Penicillium citrinium

C
Aspergillus niger

D
Rhizopus nigricans