Microbes in Human Welfare Test

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 50

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Activated sludge should have the ability to settle quickly so that it can:

A
be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank

B
absorb pathogenic bacteria present in wastewater while sinking to the bottom of the settling tank

C
be discarded and anaerobically digested

D
absorb colloidal organic matter.

Solution

The activated sludge have to settle quickly so that it can be pumped back to the aeration tank. So, the correct option is 'be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank'
Question 2
1 / -0

The technology of biogas production from cow dung was developed in India largely due to the efforts of:

A
Gas Authority of India

B
Oil and Natural Gas Commission

C
Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Khadi & Village Industries Commission

D
Indian Oil Corporation.

Solution

The technology of biogas production from cow dung was developed in India largely due to the efforts of Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) and Khadi & Village Industries Commission (KVIC) .
So, the correct option is 'Option C' .

Question 3

1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

	Column I		Column II
A.	Aspergillus niger	(i)	Ethanol
B.	Clostridium butylicum	(ii)	Statins
C.	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	(iii)	Citric acid
D.	Trichoderma polysporum	(iv)	Butyric acid
E.	Monascus purpureus	(v)	Cyclosporin

A - (iv), B - (v), C - (ii), D - (i), E - (iii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (v), E - (ii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (v), D - (i), E - (ii)

A - (ii), B - (iii), C - (iv), D - (v), E - (i)

Solution

Column I	Column II
Aspergillus niger	Citric acid (commonly used as vinegar)
Clostridium butylicum	Butyric acid
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Ethanol (commercial production of ethanol)
Trichoderma polysporum	Cyclosporin (Immuno-suppressive agent in organ transplant patients)
Monascus purpureus	statin (blood cholesterol lowering agent)

Question 4
1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct answer from the given codes.
Column I Column II
A, Methanogens (i) BOD
B. Fermentors (ii) Methane rich fuel gas
C. Organic waste in water (iii) Production of methane
D. Biogas (iv) Large vessels for growing microbes

A
A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i)

B
A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)

C
A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)

D
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)

Solution

Methanogens produce methane.
Fermentors are large vessels for growing microbes.
Organic waste in water increase BOD.
Biogas is methane rich fuel gas.
So, the correct option is 'A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(I), D-(ii)'
Question 5
1 / -0

Process of biogas production is:

A
Aerobic process

B
Anaerobic process

C
Active process

D
Passive process

Solution

Biogas is a methane-rich fuel gas produced by anaerobic breakdown or digestion of biomass with the help of methanogenic bacteria. Biogas is made up of methane (50-70%), carbon dioxide (30%-40%) with traces of nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen.
Question 6
1 / -0

The free-living fungus Trichoderma can be used for:

A
killing insects

B
biological control of plant diseases

C
controlling butterfly caterpillars

D
producing antibiotics

Solution

Trichoderma species are free living fungi that are very common in the root ecosystems. They are effective biocontrol agents of several plant pathogens like Fusarium, Phytopthora etc and used in the treatment of plant diseases.
So, the correct answer is 'biological control of plant diseases'
Question 7
1 / -0

Given below is the flow chart of sewage treatment. Identify A, B, C and D and select the correct option.

A
A-Mechanical agitation; B-Increased BOD C-Activated sludge; D-Aerobic sludge digesters

B
A-Mechanical agitation; B-Reduced BOD C-Activated sludge; D-Anaerobic sludge digesters

C
A-Microbial digestion; B-Activated sludge C-Reduced BOD; D-Anaerobic sludge digesters

D
A-Microbial digestion; B-Mechanical agitation C-Reduced BOD; D-Aerobic sludge digesters

Solution

A is Mechanical agitation; B is Reduced BOD; C is Activated sludge; D is Anaerobic sludge digesters.
So, the correct option is 'A-Mechanical agitation; B-Reduced BOD ;C-Activated sludge; D-Anaerobic sludge digesters'
Question 8
1 / -0

In sewage treatment, bacterial flocs are allowed to sediment in a settling tank. This sediment is called?

A
Inactivated sludge

B
Activated sludge

C
Primary sludge

D
Secondary sludge
Solution
- In sewage secondary treatment, the bacterial flocs are a to sediment in a settling tank.
- The sediment is called activated sludge of which a part is used as inoculum in aeration tank and the remaining passed into the large tank called anaerobic sludge digester.
- While the effluent is passed into the rivers and streams.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

The graph given below represents the effect of sewage discharge on some important characteristics of river.
Select the correct option with respect to the peaks A and B.

A
Peak A- Sharp increase in BOD, disappearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- Increase in dissolved oxygen, reappearance of clean water organisms

B
Peak A- Increase in dissolved oxygen, reappearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- Sharp decline in dissolved oxygen, disappearance of clean water organisms

C
Peak A- Sharp increase in BOD, appearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- Increased in dissolved oxygen, disappearance of clean water organisms

D
Peak A- Increased number of anaerobic bacteria, disappearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- sharp decline in dissolved $$ { O }_{ 2 } $$, reappearance of clean water organisms

Solution

Rich growth of the microorganism in the lakes consumes most of the dissolved oxygen. This condition is known as Eutrophication.
The excessive plant nutrients intensify eutrophication.

The impurity of water due to organic matter is measured in terms of biological oxygen demand. It is the demand for oxygen to decompose organic waste in litre of water. So where the BOD is high means the water is polluted and the organic matter is high. It shows that the sewage increase in biochemical oxygen demands of water as it has a lot of organic material.

So, the correct option is 'Peak A- Sharp increase in BOD, the disappearance of clean water organisms, Peak B- Increase in dissolved oxygen, the reappearance of clean water organisms'
Question 10
1 / -0

What would happen if oxygen availability to activated sludge flocs is reduced ?

A
It will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matter.

B
The center of flocs will become anoxic, which would cause death of bacteria and eventually breakage of flocs.

C
Flea would Increase in size as anaerobic bacteria would grow around flocs.

D
Protozoa would grow in large numbers.

Solution

Oxygen is very important for the microorganism to break down and degrade the organic matter which is present in the sewage or the activated sludge. If the oxygen availability of the activated sludge floc is reduced then the degradation rate will slow down.
So, the correct option is 'it will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matter'

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	Column I		Column II
A,	Methanogens	(i)	BOD
B.	Fermentors	(ii)	Methane rich fuel gas
C.	Organic waste in water	(iii)	Production of methane
D.	Biogas	(iv)	Large vessels for growing microbes

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 50

Result

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 50

Score

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

be rapidly pumped back from sedimentation tank to aeration tank

absorb pathogenic bacteria present in wastewater while sinking to the bottom of the settling tank

be discarded and anaerobically digested

absorb colloidal organic matter.

Solution

Question 2

Gas Authority of India

Oil and Natural Gas Commission

Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Khadi & Village Industries Commission

Indian Oil Corporation.

Solution

Question 3

A - (iv), B - (v), C - (ii), D - (i), E - (iii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (v), E - (ii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (v), D - (i), E - (ii)

A - (ii), B - (iii), C - (iv), D - (v), E - (i)

Solution

Question 4

A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i)

A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)

A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)

A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)

Solution

Question 5

Aerobic process

Anaerobic process

Active process

Passive process

Solution

Question 6

killing insects

biological control of plant diseases

controlling butterfly caterpillars

producing antibiotics

Solution

Question 7

A-Mechanical agitation; B-Increased BOD C-Activated sludge; D-Aerobic sludge digesters

A-Mechanical agitation; B-Reduced BOD C-Activated sludge; D-Anaerobic sludge digesters

A-Microbial digestion; B-Activated sludge C-Reduced BOD; D-Anaerobic sludge digesters

A-Microbial digestion; B-Mechanical agitation C-Reduced BOD; D-Aerobic sludge digesters

Solution

Question 8

Inactivated sludge

Activated sludge

Primary sludge

Secondary sludge

Solution

Question 9

Peak A- Sharp increase in BOD, disappearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- Increase in dissolved oxygen, reappearance of clean water organisms

Peak A- Increase in dissolved oxygen, reappearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- Sharp decline in dissolved oxygen, disappearance of clean water organisms

Peak A- Sharp increase in BOD, appearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- Increased in dissolved oxygen, disappearance of clean water organisms

Peak A- Increased number of anaerobic bacteria, disappearance of clean water organisms,Peak B- sharp decline in dissolved $$ { O }_{ 2 } $$, reappearance of clean water organisms

Solution

Question 10

It will slow down the rate of degradation of organic matter.

The center of flocs will become anoxic, which would cause death of bacteria and eventually breakage of flocs.

Flea would Increase in size as anaerobic bacteria would grow around flocs.

Protozoa would grow in large numbers.

Solution

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