Microbes in Human Welfare Test

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 51

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Biopesticides are:

A
The chemicals which are used to destroy the pests

B
The living organisms or their products which are used for the pest control

C
The organisms which destroy the crops

D
None of these.

Solution

Biopesticides are those biological agents or their products that are used for the control of weeds and insects (pathogens). A most important example is the soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis.
Question 2
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Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

A
Rhizobium - Symbiotic nitrogen fixer in the roots of leguminous plants.

B
Salmonella- Used in water purification.

C
Saccharomyces - Production of biogas.

D
Azospirillum - Symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacterium.
Solution
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
$${Rhizobium}$$ is a symbiotic bacteria that help in nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants.
$${Salmonella}$$ is a bacteria that causes intestinal infection.
$${Saccharomyces}$$ is baker's yeast that helps in fermentation.
$${Azosipirillum}$$ is free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Hence, option A is correctly matched.
Question 3
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Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

A
Word antibiotic is a misnomer. Anti Is a Greek word that means 'against', and bios means 'life', together they mean 'against life' (in the context of disease causing organisms); whereas with reference to human beings, they are 'pro life' and not against.

B
Flocs are masses of bacteria with interwoven fungal filaments which form mesh-like structures.

C
Components of biogas are methane (50 70%); carbon dioxide (30-40%) and traces of hydrogen, nitrogen and $$H_2S$$

D
None of these

Solution

Word antibiotic is a misnomer. Anti Is a Greek word that means 'against', and bios means 'life', together they mean 'against life' (in the context of disease causing organisms); whereas with reference to human beings, they are 'pro life' and not against. Flocs are masses of bacteria with interwoven fungal filaments which form mesh-like structures. Components of biogas are methane (50 70%); carbon dioxide (30-40%) and traces of hydrogen, nitrogen amd H$$_2$$S.
So, the correct option is 'None of these'
Question 4
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Which one of the following microorganisms forms a symbiotic association with plants and helps them in their nutrition?

A
Glomus

B
Azotobacter

C
Klebsielfa

D
Azospirillium

Solution

Several fungi are known to form symbiotic associations with plants, i.e., mycorrhiza. The most common fungal partners of mycorrhiza are Glomus species.
Question 5
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Which of the following options includes biofertilizers?

A
Cowdung manure and farmyard waste.

B
A quick growing crop ploughed back into the field.

C
Nostoc, Oscillatoria

D
Potassium fertilizers
Question 6
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Living organisms used to enrich the nutrient quality of the soil are called as

A
Biocontrol agents

B
Biofertilisers

C
Synthetic fertilisers

D
Natural fertilisers

Solution

Biofertilisers are microorganisms which bring about nutrient enrichment of soil by enhancing the availability of nutrients to crops. Microorganisms which act as biofertilisers are bacteria, cyanobacteria (blue green algae) and mycorrhizal fungi. Bacteria and cyanobacteria have the property of nitrogen fixation while mycorrhizal fungi preferentially withdraw minerals from organic matter for the plant with which they are associated. They maximize ecological benefits and minimize environmental hazards.
So, the correct answer is 'Biofertilisers'.
Question 7
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Which of the following statements is correct with regard to biocontrol agents ?

A
Ladybird and dragonflies are used to get rid of aphids and mosquitoes respectively.

B
Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria are used to control butterfly caterpillars.

C
Trichoderma species are used to control several plant pathogen.

D
All of these

Solution

Ladybird and dragonflies are used to get rid of aphids and mosquitoes respectively. Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria are used to control butterfly caterpillars. Trichoderma species are used to control several plant pathogen..
So, the correct option is 'All of these'
Question 8
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Biofertilizers are:

A
Some bacteria and cyanobacteria

B
Fertilizers formed by ploughing in barseem

C
Fertilizers obtained by decay of dead organisms

D
Fertilizers prepared by mixing cattle dung with crop residues
Solution
A biofertilizer is a substance that contains living microorganisms (like some bacteria and cyanobacteria) which, when applied to the soil, helps in the growth of the plant by increasing the supply of primary nutrients to the host plant.
So, the correct option is 'some bacteria and cyanobacteria'.
Question 9
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Biogas generation is a three stage anaerobic digestion of animal and other organic wastes. Study the following flow chart and select the correct option for stages I, II and Ill.

A
In stage - I, anaerobic microorganisms bring about enzymatic breakdown of complex organic compounds into simple soluble compounds or monomers.

B
In stage - II, monomers are converted into organic acids by fermentation causing microbes.

C
In stage - Ill, organic acids are acted upon by methanogenic bacteria to produce biogas.

D
All of these

Solution

In stage - I, anaerobic microorganisms bring about enzymatic breakdown of complex organic compounds into simple soluble compounds or monomers. In stage - II, monomers are converted into organic acids by fermentation causing microbes. In stage - Ill, organic acids are acted upon by methanogenic bacteria to produce biogas.
So, the correct option is 'All of these'
Question 10
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Biogas is produced by:

A
Aerobic breakdown of biomass

B
Anaerobic breakdown of biomass

C
With the help of methanogenic bacteria

D
Both (b) and (c)

Solution

Biogas is a mixture of gases consists primarily methane and carbon dioxide that produced by the breakdown of organic substance into such gases in complete lack of oxygen. This biogas production can only be done by anaerobic breakdown of biomass. As methanogens are also anaerobic bacteria. The correct answer must be 'Both (b) and (c).

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 51

Result

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 51

Score

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

The chemicals which are used to destroy the pests

The living organisms or their products which are used for the pest control

The organisms which destroy the crops

None of these.

Solution

Question 2

Rhizobium - Symbiotic nitrogen fixer in the roots of leguminous plants.

Salmonella- Used in water purification.

Saccharomyces - Production of biogas.

Azospirillum - Symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacterium.

Solution

Question 3

Word antibiotic is a misnomer. Anti Is a Greek word that means 'against', and bios means 'life', together they mean 'against life' (in the context of disease causing organisms); whereas with reference to human beings, they are 'pro life' and not against.

Flocs are masses of bacteria with interwoven fungal filaments which form mesh-like structures.

Components of biogas are methane (50 70%); carbon dioxide (30-40%) and traces of hydrogen, nitrogen and $$H_2S$$

None of these

Solution

Question 4

Glomus

Azotobacter

Klebsielfa

Azospirillium

Solution

Question 5

Cowdung manure and farmyard waste.

A quick growing crop ploughed back into the field.

Nostoc, Oscillatoria

Potassium fertilizers

Question 6

Biocontrol agents

Biofertilisers

Synthetic fertilisers

Natural fertilisers

Solution

Question 7

Ladybird and dragonflies are used to get rid of aphids and mosquitoes respectively.

Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria are used to control butterfly caterpillars.

Trichoderma species are used to control several plant pathogen.

All of these

Solution

Question 8

Some bacteria and cyanobacteria

Fertilizers formed by ploughing in barseem

Fertilizers obtained by decay of dead organisms

Fertilizers prepared by mixing cattle dung with crop residues

Solution

Question 9

In stage - I, anaerobic microorganisms bring about enzymatic breakdown of complex organic compounds into simple soluble compounds or monomers.

In stage - II, monomers are converted into organic acids by fermentation causing microbes.

In stage - Ill, organic acids are acted upon by methanogenic bacteria to produce biogas.

All of these

Solution

Question 10

Aerobic breakdown of biomass

Anaerobic breakdown of biomass

With the help of methanogenic bacteria

Both (b) and (c)

Solution

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