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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 52

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 52
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are incorrect ?
    (i) Cyanobacteria are autotrophic microbes widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial habitats.
    (ii) Anabaena, Nostoc and Oscillatoria are photosynthetic $$N_2$$ - fixing cyanobacteria.
    (iii) Tolypothrix (BGA) can increase rice production by about 20%.
    (iv) BGA add organic matter to the soil and increase its fertility.
    (v) In our country, fertilizers are not available commercially in the markets for farmers.
    Solution
    Biofertilizers are available commercially in our country for farmers.
    So, the correct option is '(v) Only'
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is a non-symbiotic biofertilizer?
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Azolla gives a good biofertilizer when mixed with
    Solution
    BGA and Azolla have known to be used for the rice cultivation and they are very good for increasing the crop yield and productivity as they supply the soil and the plant with enough nitrogen. They are known used together as the biofertilizers.

    So, the correct option is 'Blue-green algae'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which one is true?
    Solution
    • Antibiotics are substances produced by the natural metabolic processes of microorganisms as their natural defense against other microorganisms.
    • Disinfectants are the chemical that is used to kill bacteria. 
    • Antibiotics are safe bactericides that do not kill the patients and therefore, can be injected into patients. 
    • Disinfectants are toxic chemicals (less efficient) that can kill the patients and can not be injected but are used as surface bactericides only.
    So, the correct option is 'Both (A) and (B)'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Microorganism used for commercial production of acetic acid is
    Solution
    Aspergillus produces citric acid
    Clostridium produces butyric acid
    Saccharomyces is used for bread fermentation.
    So, the correct option is 'Acetobacter'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Large holes in Swiss cheese are formed due to production of a large amount of $${CO}_{2}$$ by ?
    Solution
    Propionibacterium sharmanii is the bacterium used for the production of a large amount of $$CO_2$$ for making swiss cheese that has large holes.
    So, the correct option is 'Propionibacterium'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Select the correct statement from the following 
    Solution
    • 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is the third most commonly used herbicide all over the world.  The health hazards of 2,4-D to humans include that it may induce cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes, irreversible eye damage, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Many methods are proposed for treatment of chemical pollution, however, the safest and the cheapest one is the use of microorganisms for biodegradation of these pollutants. the most biologically active strains against 2,4-D proved to belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Flavobacterium, Nocardia, Streptomyces and Aspergillus.
    • 1,1,1 -trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) is one of the best synthetic pesticides. It was used to control mosquitoes spreading malaria, typhus and other insect-borne diseases among both military and civilian populations. After the war, DDT was made available for use as an agricultural insecticide. It was used extensively for the control of grass grub {Costelytra zealandica White). It was necessary to introduce microbes to degrade or control DDT in soil. It was done so by using DDT-degrading strain of E. aerogenes.
    • So all the above options are correct.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The organism which is used commercially for the production of statins is
    Solution
    Monascus purpureus is used to produce Statin. Statins lower the blood cholesterol level by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol.
    So the answer is 'Monascus purpureous'. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Curd is rich in?
    Solution
    • Curdling of milk produces curd which occurs due to the presence of Lactobacillus that converts milk sugar to lactic acid at high temperatures.
    • Curd is rich in minerals like calcium, phosphorus potassium, and zinc.
    • It is also rich in protein.
    • It is a good source of vitamins like riboflavin, vitamin $${B}_6$$, vitamin $${ B }_{ 12 }$$, pantothenic acid, and vitamin A. 
    • So, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Waste water treatment generates a large amount of sludge, which can be treated by
    Solution
    • Anaerobic digestion is a collection of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen.
    •  The process is used for industrial or domestic purposes to manage waste and to produce fuels. 
    • Hence, Wastewater treatment generates a large amount of sludge, which can be treated by anaerobic digesters.
    • So, the correct answer is 'anaerobic digesters'.
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