Microbes in Human Welfare Test

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Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 66

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1

1 / -0

Match the following list of bioactive substances and their roles.

Bioactive Substance	Role
(i) Statin	(A) Removal of oil stains
(ii) Cyclosporin A	(B) Removal of dots from blood vessels
(iii) Streptokinase	(C) Lowering of blood cholesterol
(iv) Lipase	(D) Immuno-suppressive agent

Choose the correct match.

i-(B), ii-(C), iii-(A), iv-(D)

i-(D), ii-(B), iii-(A), iv-(C)

i-(D), ii-(A), iii-(B), iv-(C)

i-(C), ii-(D), iii-(B), iv-(A)

Solution

Bioactive Substance	Role
(i) Statin	(C) Statins produced by yeast Monascus purpureus and used as a blood cholesterol lowering agents.
(ii) Cyclosporin A	(D) It is used as an immunosuppressive agents produced by fungus Trichoderma polysporum.
(iii) Streptokinase	(B) It is produced by bacteria Streptococcus and used as clot bluster for removing clots from blood vessels of patients which undergo myocardial infarction leading to heart attack.
(iv) Lipase	(A) It is used in detergent formulations and remove oil stains from the laundry.

So, the correct option is 'Option D' .

Question 2
1 / -0

Match the following list of bacteria and their commercially important products.
Bacterium Product
(i) Aspergillus niger (A) Lactic acid
(ii) Acetobacter aceti (B) Butyric acid
(iii) Clostridium butylicum (C) Acetic acid
(iv) Lactobacillus
(D) Citric acid

Choose the correct match.

A
i-(B), ii-(C), iii-(D), iv-(A)

B
i-(B), ii-(D), iii-(C), iv-(A)

C
i-(D), ii-(C), iii-(B), iv-(A)

D
i-(D), ii-(A), iii-(C), iv-(B)

Solution

Bacterium Product
(i) Aspergillus niger (D) Citric acid
(ii) Acetobacter aceti (C) Acetic acid
(iii) Clostridium butylicum (B) Butyric acid
(iv) Lactobacillus (A) Lactic acid
So, the correct answer is 'i-(D), ii-(C), iii-(B), iv-(A)'
Question 3
1 / -0

Trichoderma harzianum has proved to be a useful microorganism for:

A
Gene transfer in higher plants

B
Biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens

C
Bioremediation of contaminated soils

D
Reclamation of wastelands
Solution
A.Correct option B

B.Explanation for the correct option:
- Trichoderma harzianum is an effective biocontrol agent against several fungal soil-borne plant pathogens.
- They have an inhibitory effect on the growth of the mycelium of Phytium.
- They suppress the growth of fungi in order to allow the plant to grow favourably.
- However, possible adverse effects of T. harzianum on plant growth-promoting microorganisms, such as arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi, might be a drawback in the use of this biocontrol agent in plant protection.
Question 4
1 / -0

Identify the blank spaces A, B, C and D in the table given below and select the correct answer.
Type of microbe scientific name Product Medical application
Fungus A Cyclosporin A B
C Monascus purpureus Statin D

A
A-Trichoderma polysporum, B-As an immunosuppressive agent, C-Yeast (Fungus), D-Lowering of blood cholesterol

B
A-Trichoderma polysporum, B-Lowering of blood cholesterol, C-Yeast (Fungus), D-As an immunosuppressive agent

C
B-Lowering of blood cholesterol,A-Trichoderma polysporum, C-Yeast (Fungus), D- As an immunosuppressive agent

D
D-An immunosuppressive agent, A-Trichoderma polysporum, C- Yeast (Fungus), B-lowering of blood cholesterol

Solution

Cyclosporin is obtained from Trichoderma polysporum. Cyclosporin is used as immunosuppressive agent. Manascus purpureus is an yeast. Statins are used for lowering of blood cholesterol.
So, the correct option is 'A-Trichoderma polysporum, B-as an immunosuppressive agent, C-Yeast (fungus), D-lowering of blood cholesterol'
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following statements regarding baculoviruses as biocontrol agents is/are correct ?

A
The majority of baculovirus used as biocontrol agents are included in the genus - Nucleopolyhedrovirus

B
Infection with baculoviruses occurs when susceptible hosts (e.g., some specific insects) eat virus particle present on foliage and dies.

C
These are important in organic farming because of their specific action on harmful insects without causing any damage to beneficial insects as well as to the environment.

D
All of these

Solution

Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of them used as a biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus.These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. Infection with baculoviruses occurs when susceptible hosts eat virus particle present on foliage and dies. These are important in organic farming because of their specific action on harmful insects without causing any damage to beneficial insects as well as to the environment.
So, the correct option is 'Option D' .
Question 6
1 / -0

Match the items in column 'A' and column 'B' and choose correct answer.
Column A Column B
(i) Lady bird (A) Methanobacterium
(ii) Mycorrhiza (B) Trichodema
(iii) Biological control (C) Aphids
(iv) Biogas (D) Glomus
The correct answer is:

A
(i)-B (ii)- D (iii)-C (iv)-A

B
(i)-C (ii)- D (iii)-B (iv)-A

C
(i)-D (ii)-A (iii)-B (iv)-C

D
(i)-C (ii)-B (iii)-A (iv)-D

Solution

Lady bird beetle function as a biological controlling agent against Aphids. Glomus is a genus of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and it form symbiotic relationship with plant roots which is called mycorrhiza. Tricoderma is used as a biological controlling agent against pathogenic fungi belonging to various genera. Methanobacterium produce methane which is the main component of Biogas.
So, the correct option is '(I)-C, (ii)-D, (iii)-B, (iv)-A'
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following is not used as a biopesticide?

A
Trichoderma harzianum

B
Nucleo polyhedrosis virus

C
Xanthomonas campestris

D
Bacillus thuringiensis
Solution
A. Correct option C
B. Explanation for the correct option:
Xanthomonas campestris is a gram-negative bacterium that causes black rot, the most important disease of vegetable crops. It is not used as a biopesticide.
C. Explanation for incorrect option:
Trichoderma harzianum is a free-living fungi, common in soil and root ecosystems. It is an effective biocontrol agent of several plant pathogens.
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) is a pathogen of insects and hence used as a biopesticide.
Bacillus thuringiensis acts as a biocontrol agent. It is mostly used in biotechnology to get resistant varieties like Bt cotton, Bt brinjal.
Question 8
1 / -0

Wastewater treatment generates a large quantity of sludge, which can be treated by?

A
Anaerobic digesters

B
Floc

C
Chemicals

D
Oxidation pond
Solution
A.Correct option - A
B.Explanation for correct option -
Wastewater treatment generates a large quantity of activated sludge during secondary treatment which is used as an inoculum and a small part of it is pumped back to the large aeration tanks whereas the remaining part of that sludge is treated by anaerobic sludge digesters anaerobically.
During this digestion, bacteria produce a mixture of gases called biogas.
Question 9
1 / -0

Biogases produced during sewage treatment are

A
$${H}_{2}S, \,{N}_{2}, \,{CH}_{4}$$

B
$${CH}_{4}, \,{H}_2{S}, \,{CO}_{2}$$

C
$${CH}_{4}, \,{O}_{2}, \,H_2S$$

D
$$H_2S, \,CH_4, \,SO_2$$

Solution

The Biogases produced during sewage treatment are
1.Methane (CH$$_4$$)
2.Hydrogen sulfide (H$$_2$$S)
3.Carbon-dioxide (CO$$_2$$).
So, the correct option is 'CH$$_4$$, H$$_2$$S, CO$$_2$$'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Sewage treatment process in which part of decomposer microbes is recycled into the starting process is

A
primary treatment

B
activated sludge treatment

C
catalytic treatment

D
tertiary treatment

Solution

Activated sludge treatment is a sewage-treatment process in which sludge, the accumulated, bacteria deposits of settling tanks and basins, is seeded into incoming wastewater and the mixture agitated for several hours in the presence of ample air supply.
So, the correct option is 'Activated sludge treatment'.

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Bacterium	Product
(i) Aspergillus niger	(A) Lactic acid
(ii) Acetobacter aceti	(B) Butyric acid
(iii) Clostridium butylicum	(C) Acetic acid
(iv) Lactobacillus	(D) Citric acid

Type of microbe	scientific name	Product	Medical application
Fungus	A	Cyclosporin A	B
C	Monascus purpureus	Statin	D

Column A	Column B
(i) Lady bird	(A) Methanobacterium
(ii) Mycorrhiza	(B) Trichodema
(iii) Biological control	(C) Aphids
(iv) Biogas	(D) Glomus

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 66

Result

Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 66

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

i-(B), ii-(C), iii-(A), iv-(D)

i-(D), ii-(B), iii-(A), iv-(C)

i-(D), ii-(A), iii-(B), iv-(C)

i-(C), ii-(D), iii-(B), iv-(A)

Solution

Question 2

i-(B), ii-(C), iii-(D), iv-(A)

i-(B), ii-(D), iii-(C), iv-(A)

i-(D), ii-(C), iii-(B), iv-(A)

i-(D), ii-(A), iii-(C), iv-(B)

Solution

Question 3

Gene transfer in higher plants

Biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens

Bioremediation of contaminated soils

Reclamation of wastelands

Solution

Question 4

A-Trichoderma polysporum, B-As an immunosuppressive agent, C-Yeast (Fungus), D-Lowering of blood cholesterol

A-Trichoderma polysporum, B-Lowering of blood cholesterol, C-Yeast (Fungus), D-As an immunosuppressive agent

B-Lowering of blood cholesterol,A-Trichoderma polysporum, C-Yeast (Fungus), D- As an immunosuppressive agent

D-An immunosuppressive agent, A-Trichoderma polysporum, C- Yeast (Fungus), B-lowering of blood cholesterol

Solution

Question 5

The majority of baculovirus used as biocontrol agents are included in the genus - Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Infection with baculoviruses occurs when susceptible hosts (e.g., some specific insects) eat virus particle present on foliage and dies.

These are important in organic farming because of their specific action on harmful insects without causing any damage to beneficial insects as well as to the environment.

All of these

Solution

Question 6

(i)-B (ii)- D (iii)-C (iv)-A

(i)-C (ii)- D (iii)-B (iv)-A

(i)-D (ii)-A (iii)-B (iv)-C

(i)-C (ii)-B (iii)-A (iv)-D

Solution

Question 7

Trichoderma harzianum

Nucleo polyhedrosis virus

Xanthomonas campestris

Bacillus thuringiensis

Solution

Question 8

Anaerobic digesters

Floc

Chemicals

Oxidation pond

Solution

Question 9

$${H}_{2}S, \,{N}_{2}, \,{CH}_{4}$$

$${CH}_{4}, \,{H}_2{S}, \,{CO}_{2}$$

$${CH}_{4}, \,{O}_{2}, \,H_2S$$

$$H_2S, \,CH_4, \,SO_2$$

Solution

Question 10

primary treatment

activated sludge treatment

catalytic treatment

tertiary treatment

Solution

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