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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 15

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 15
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The source of Taq polymerase used in PCR is a
    Solution
    Taq polymerase used in PCR is obtained from thermophilic bacteria, Thermus aquaticus. This bacteria can survive at extremely high temperatures. So, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Restriction enzymes
    Solution
    A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites. These are the endonuclease enzymes which are used in the genetic engineering techniques for the cleavage of the desired gene and the vector. Restriction enzymes recognize a sequence and produce a double-stranded cut in the DNA. All types of enzymes recognize specific short DNA sequences and carry out the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to give specific fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is a correct statement
    Solution
    Insecticide producing gene of Bacillus thuringiensis has been transferred to cotton and other plants like corn, rice. It has helped the cotton growing farmers to some crore of rupees required for protection against boll worm infestation.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Find the correct palindromic sequence.
    $$5'ATTGCAAT3'$$.
    Solution
    • A palindromic sequence is a sequence made up of nucleic acids within the double helix of DNA or RNA that is the same when reading from 5' to 3' on one strand and 5' to 3' on the other, complementary, strand.
    •  It is also known as a palindrome or an inverted-reverse sequence. 
    • The palindromic sequence for 5′ATTGCAAT3′ is 3′TAACGTTA5′.

    • So, the correct answer is '3′TAACGTTA5′
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Biotechnology is use of 
    Solution
    • Biotechnology is the use of biological processes, microorganisms, or systems to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life. 
    • The earliest biotechnologists were farmers who developed improved species of plants and animals by cross pollination or cross breeding. 
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The biological scissors is
    Solution
    Restriction endonucleases are called biological scissors because they cleave (cut) DNA at or near specific recognition sequences (restriction sites). They act as an important tool for gene modification and are widely used in the process of transformation, transfection etc.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Enzyme that cleaves nuclei acids within the polynucleotide chain is known as
    Solution
    Any enzyme that can break the phosphodiester bond within the polynucleotide chain is called as endonuclease whereas exonuclease cleaves the phosphodiester bond from the end of the polynucleotide chain, arylsulphatase enzyme breaks the sulphatide during the hydrolysis of phenol and phosphotriesterase enzyme converts aryl dialkyl phosphate to dialkyl phosphate and aryl alcohol. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which is the first cloned animal?
    Solution
    • Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer. 
    • Dolly was cloned from a cell taken from the mammary gland of a six-year-old Finn Dorset sheep and an egg cell taken from a Scottish Blackface sheep.
    • Electrical pulses were used to fuse the mammary cell with an unfertilized egg cell, the nucleus of which had been removed.
    • This fusion process resulted in the transfer of the mammary cell nucleus into the egg cell, which then began to divide to form a complete embryo

    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Science of engineering and technology which is applied to life sciences is
    Solution
    • Biotechnology is the science of engineering and technology for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc. 
    • Bioengineering is the application of the principles of engineering and natural sciences to tissues, cells and molecules. It improves the functions of plants and animals.

    So, the correct answer is 'Biotechnology'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Biotechnology is used in which fields?
    Solution
    • Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use. 
    • For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture, food production, and medicine. 
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