Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 17

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

What is true of reverse genetics

A
Gene therapy

B
Gene replacement

C
Identification of gene from map position

D
Deletion of genes and studying the effect

Solution

Reverse genetics is a method that is used to help understand the function of a gene by analyzing the phenotypic effects of specific engineered gene sequences. Reverse genetics usually proceeds in the opposite direction of so-called forward genetic screens of classical genetics. The goal in reverse genetics is Identification of gene from map position.
So, the correct answer is 'Identification of gene from map position.'
Question 2
1 / -0

PCR or polymerase chain reaction was discovered by

A
Jeffreys

B
Nakamura

C
Karry Mullis

D
Lander

Solution

Kary Mullis. Kary Banks Mullis (born December 28, 1944) is a Nobel Prize-winning American biochemist. In recognition of his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, he shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Michael Smith and earned the Japan Prize in the same year.
So, the correct answer is 'Karry Mullis.'
Question 3
1 / -0

Advancement in genetic engineering has been possible due to discovery of :

A
Transposons

B
Endonucleases

C
Exonucleases

D
Oncogenes

Solution

Answer is option B i.e. "Endonucleases"
Endonucleases or restriction enzymes is an enzyme which result in a series of advancements in techniques that allowed the direct modification of the genome. Other advancements include the discovery of DNA ligases, the ability to design plasmids and technologies like polymerase chain reaction and sequencing.
Question 4
1 / -0

"Molecular scissors" used in genetic engineering is

A
Helicase

B
DNA ligase

C
DNA polymerase

D
Restriction endonuclease
Solution
- Restriction endonuclease enzyme is known as the molecular scissor because a restriction enzyme recognizes and cuts the DNA only at a particular sequence of nucleotides and producing smaller fragments.
- Helicases are enzymes that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or nucleic acid-protein complexes. There are DNA and RNA helicases are involved in the unwinding of the nucleic acids.
- In molecular biology, DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond.
- The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
1 / -0

Hybridoma technology was developed by

A
Taggart, 1982

B
Vitella et al, 1982

C
Prie and Saxton, 1987

D
Milstein and Kohier, 1975

Solution

Hybridoma technology is a technology of forming hybrid cell lines (called hybridomas).
Question 6
1 / -0

A major event in r-DNA technology is _________________.

A
Separation of DNA

B
Isolation of DNA

C
Elution of DNA

D
Both A and B
Solution
- r-DNA technology is the process involving the introduction of a foreign piece of DNA containing a gene of interest into the genome of an organism.
- Isolation and separation are the steps in the process in which various techniques are used to separate the required gene (containing the gene of interest) from the nucleus of the cell (free of the other cellular contaminants).
- The isolated DNA is then restriction digested and amplified to make several copies.
- It is then inserted into a vector for transfer into an appropriate host.
- Elution is a step involved in the process of the separation of DNA.
So, the correct answer is 'isolation and separation'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Recombinant DNA is achieved by cleaving the pro-DNAs by

A
Primase

B
Exonucleases

C
Ligase

D
Restriction endonuclease

Solution

Restriction enzymes are DNA-cutting enzymes found in bacteria and harvested from them for use. Because they cut within the molecule, they are often called restriction endonucleases. A restriction enzyme recognizes and cuts DNA only at a particular sequence of nucleotides. So, restriction endonucleases are used for separation of genetic material. During the process of recombinant DNA technology, the same restriction enzyme is used to the donor DNA and small circular molecules act as carriers, or vectors for the DNA fragments which is also called as pro-DNAs and joined together. The vector molecules with their inserts are called recombinant DNA because they consist of novel combinations of DNA from the donor genome (which can be from any organism) with vector DNA from a completely different source.
Question 8
1 / -0

Genetic engineering is possible, because

A
The phenomenon of transduction in bacteria is well understood

B
We can see DNA by electron microscope

C
We can cut DNA at specific sites by endonucleases like DNAase-I

D
Restriction endonucleases purified from bacteria can be used in vitro

Solution

Genetic engineering is the manipulation of genetic material of an organism using enzyme restriction endonuclease.
Nathans and Smith (1970) isolated the first restriction endonuclease.
Jackson, Symons and Paul Berg (1972) successfully generated recombinant DNA molecules in vitro.
So, the correct answer is D 'Restriction endonucleases purified from bacteria can be used in vitro'
Question 9
1 / -0

Central drug research institute is situated at

A
Lucknow

B
Madras

C
Mumbai

D
Delhi

Solution

Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) is one of the first laboratories established after independence in the year 1951. It is a multidisciplinary institute that works on synthesis, screening, development studies and clinical studies among others. It has developed around 12 drugs of which, Arteether (Brand name=E-mal) active against falciparum malaria and Centchroman (Brand name=Sah, a birth control contraceptive pill are developed.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which enzyme is used for the separation of genetic material?

A
Ligase

B
Restriction endonuclease

C
Hydrolase

D
Amylase

Solution

Restriction enzymes are DNA-cutting enzymes found in bacteria and harvested from them for use. Because they cut within the molecule, they are often called restriction endonucleases. A restriction enzyme recognizes and cuts DNA only at a particular sequence of nucleotides. So, restriction endonucleases are used for separation of genetic material. Thus, option B is correct.
Ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond.
Hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond.
Amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into sugars.
So, the correct answer is 'Restriction endonuclease'

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 17

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 17

Score

-

Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Gene therapy

Gene replacement

Identification of gene from map position

Deletion of genes and studying the effect

Solution

Question 2

Jeffreys

Nakamura

Karry Mullis

Lander

Solution

Question 3

Transposons

Endonucleases

Exonucleases

Oncogenes

Solution

Question 4

Helicase

DNA ligase

DNA polymerase

Restriction endonuclease

Solution

Question 5

Taggart, 1982

Vitella et al, 1982

Prie and Saxton, 1987

Milstein and Kohier, 1975

Solution

Question 6

Separation of DNA

Isolation of DNA

Elution of DNA

Both A and B

Solution

Question 7

Primase

Exonucleases

Ligase

Restriction endonuclease

Solution

Question 8

The phenomenon of transduction in bacteria is well understood

We can see DNA by electron microscope

We can cut DNA at specific sites by endonucleases like DNAase-I

Restriction endonucleases purified from bacteria can be used in vitro

Solution

Question 9

Lucknow

Madras

Mumbai

Delhi

Solution

Question 10

Ligase

Restriction endonuclease

Hydrolase

Amylase

Solution

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