Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 20

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Who launched tissue culture ?

A
Harrison

B
Carrel

C
Mendel

D
Khorana

Solution

Ross Granville Harrison was an American biologist and anatomist credited as the first to work successfully with artificial tissue culture.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following is the first hormone prepared by genetic engineering?

A
Oxytocin

B
Somatotropin

C
Adrenaline

D
Insulin

Solution

Insulin is the first hormone produced by genetic engineering. It was produced by the help of E.coli. It was first marketed in the name of humulin.
Question 3
1 / -0

Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of : -

A
Restriction endonuclease

B
DNA ligase

C
Transcriptase

D
Primase
Solution
Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible because of the discovery of restriction endonuclease.
These are isolated from bacterial cells and are tools for molecular biologists,
Several hundred restriction enzymes are now known, each with a specific sequence requirement dictating where it will cut DNA therefore, digesting DNA with a restriction enzyme creates a characteristic set of fragments, which can be isolated by electrophoresis and subsequently analyzed.
So, the correct answer is 'Restriction endonuclease'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Read the following four statements (A-D) about certain mistakes in two of them:

(A) The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched.
(B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macro-molecules.
(C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of r-DNA technology.
(D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of r-DNA into the host.
Which are the two statements having mistakes?

A
Statements (A) and (B)

B
Statements (B) and (C)

C
Statements (C) and (D)

D
Statements (A) and (C)

Solution

(A) Rosie was the first transgenic cow and its milk was rich in human alpha-lactalbumin protein.
(B) Restriction enzymes are used in the isolation of the specific segment of DNA from the DNA of the organism because these enzymes are capable of cutting the DNA at the specific location.
(C) Downstream processing is one of the steps in the r-DNA technology. It involves the extraction and purification of the desired product.
(D) Disarmed pathogens like Agrobacterium tumifaciens, phage viruses are also used in the transfer of r-DNA into the host.
Hence, the correct answer is '(A) and (B)'
Question 5
1 / -0

Which one of the following represents a palindromic sequence in DNA ?

A
5'-CCAATG-3'

3'-GAATCC-5'

B
5'-CATTAG-3'

3'-GATAAC-5'

C
5'-GATACC-3'

3'-CCTAAG-5'

D
5'-GAATTC-3'

3'-CTTAAG-5'

Solution

In dsDNA, the sequence of nucleotides in one chain is same as in the opposite chain, is called palindromic sequence and the region with palindromic sequence is called palindrome.

In one chain of DNA GAATTC is present in 5’ to 3’ direction, same sequence is found in opposite chain.

so, the correct option is 5’GAATTC 3’
3’ CTTAAG5’
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR?

A
It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells.

B
It serves as a selectable marker.

C
It is isolated from a virus.

D
It remains active at high temperature.

Solution

Almost all PCR applications employ a heat-stable DNA polymerase, such as Taq polymerase. This DNA polymerase enzymatically assembles a new DNA strand from DNA building blocks, the nucleotides, by using single-stranded DNA as a template and DNA oligonucleotides, which are required for initiation of DNA synthesis.
So, the correct answer is 'It remains active at high temperature.'
Question 7
1 / -0

Polymerase chain reaction is most useful in which of the following process?

A
DNA synthesis

B
DNA amplification

C
Protein synthesis

D
Amino acid synthesis
Solution
- The polymerase chain reaction is a biochemical technology.
- It is used to amplify or to increase the number of a single copy of DNA with high accuracy and speed.
- During this process, the Taq polymerase enzyme polymerizes the new DNA strand by using single-stranded DNA as a template.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Where is biolistic technique used?

A
Tissue culture process

B
Gene transfer process

C
Hybridization process

D
Germplasm conservation process
Solution
- A gene gun is a system in which a particle is used to inject the genetic material directly into the cell.
- This method is known as biolistic particle delivery system which was originally designed for plant transformation.
- A metal particle is coated with the genetic material and transferred into the host cells to allow the foreign DNA to get incorporated into the host's genome.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which one of the following hydrolyses internal phosphodiester bonds in a polynucleotide chain-

A
Lipase

B
protease

C
Exonuclease

D
Endonuclease

Solution

A phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds. Phosphodiester bonds are central to all life on Earth as they make up the backbone of the strands of nucleic acid. DNAase deoxyribonuclease or simply nuclease is an enzyme which breaks down DNA by hydrolosis of the phosphodiester bonds of its sugar-phosphate backbone. Enonuclease represents the internal cleave which cleave the phosphodiester bond internally.
So, the correct option is option D
Question 10
1 / -0

PCR and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism are the methods used for which of the following techniques?

A
Study of enzymes

B
Genetic transformation

C
DNA sequencing

D
Genetic fingerprinting

Solution

Genes are short sequences present in DNA strand that are responsible for the particular characteristics of an individual. PCR is a technique used to amplify the DNA molecules present in a small sample in order to obtain a large amount of DNA sequence for the test. This is followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RFLP analysis is used to identify the repeated sequences by detecting a specific sequence pattern to the Variable Number Tandem Repeats which becomes that individual's DNA profile. This is the basis of genetic fingerprinting.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 20

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 20

Score

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Harrison

Carrel

Mendel

Khorana

Solution

Question 2

Oxytocin

Somatotropin

Adrenaline

Insulin

Solution

Question 3

Restriction endonuclease

DNA ligase

Transcriptase

Primase

Solution

Question 4

Statements (A) and (B)

Statements (B) and (C)

Statements (C) and (D)

Statements (A) and (C)

Solution

Question 5

5'-CCAATG-3'3'-GAATCC-5'

5'-CATTAG-3'3'-GATAAC-5'

5'-GATACC-3'3'-CCTAAG-5'

5'-GAATTC-3'3'-CTTAAG-5'

Solution

Question 6

It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells.

It serves as a selectable marker.

It is isolated from a virus.

It remains active at high temperature.

Solution

Question 7

DNA synthesis

DNA amplification

Protein synthesis

Amino acid synthesis

Solution

Question 8

Tissue culture process

Gene transfer process

Hybridization process

Germplasm conservation process

Solution

Question 9

Lipase

protease

Exonuclease

Endonuclease

Solution

Question 10

Study of enzymes

Genetic transformation

DNA sequencing

Genetic fingerprinting

Solution

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5'-CCAATG-3'

3'-GAATCC-5'

5'-CATTAG-3'

3'-GATAAC-5'

5'-GATACC-3'

3'-CCTAAG-5'

5'-GAATTC-3'

3'-CTTAAG-5'