Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 30

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Question 1
1 / -0

The organism, which is used for gene transfer in higher organism is

A
Agrobacterium tumefaciens

B
E.coli

C
Acetobacter aceti

D
Bacillus thuringiensis

Solution

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a pathogen of several dicot plants. It is used for the gene transfer in higher organisms. It is able to deliver a piece of DNA known as 'T-DNA' to transform normal plant cells into a tumor and direct these tumor cells to produce the chemicals required by the pathogen. This bacterium invades plants at the site of wound, transforming them and nearby cells to form a tumor called crown gall.
Question 2
1 / -0

Thermal cycler is used in the reaction is

A
Radioacivity

B
Enzyme catalyzed reaction

C
Chemical reaction

D
Polymerase chain reaction

Solution

Polymerase chain reaction is a technique which is mainly used to amplify a DNA segment. It was given by Kary Mullis. The sample DNA strand is denatured by heating at the temperature of 95$$^o$$C. Each strand act as a template for the new strand. The primers are annealed at 55 $$^o$$C to all the template. In the third step, the temperature is raised to about 72$$^o$$C and the DNA polymerase also known as Taq polymerase begins adding nucleotides onto the ends of the annealed primers.
The thermal cycler is an instrument with microprocessor-controlled temperature cycling required for polymerase chain reaction. It is a technique discovered in 1975 for recombinant DNA and gene cloning. The device has a thermal block with holes where tubes with the PCR reaction mixtures can be inserted. The cycler then rises and lowers the temperature of the block in discrete, pre-programmed steps.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
1 / -0

Restriction enzymes are used in genetic engineering and

A
Cut DNA base pairs at specific sites

B
Cut DNA base pairs at variable sites

C
Join two DNA segments

D
Cut RNA base pairs at specific sites

Solution

Restriction enzymes are used in genetic engineering for gene manipulation. It cuts DNA base pairs at specific sites. They cut the base pairs within the molecule so they are named as an endonuclease. 3000 restriction enzyme has been discovered till now. They are known as molecular scissors as they are used to cut a single gene from a larger piece of DNA.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Who developed polymerase chain reaction technique and got Nobel Prize

A
Muller

B
Mullis

C
Wilson

D
Nirenberg

Solution

B. Mullis
Solution : Kary mulis developed the polymerase chain reaction that involved amplifying a small amount of DNA by series of polymerase chain reactions to get a large amount of DNA.
So the correct answer is"Mullis"
Question 5
1 / -0

PCR and RFLP are employed in ________.

A
DNA sequencing

B
Genetic engineering

C
Study of enzymes

D
Genetic transformation

Solution

B. Genetic engineering
Solution : PCR and RFLP is used in detecting the genome of an unknown organism from a very small amount of DNA. PCR can amplify the DNA into a large amount and RFLP is used to analyze the DNA based on their restriction maps.
So the correct answer is "Genetic engineering".
Question 6
1 / -0

Blood stain component to be used for DNA profiling technique is

A
Serum

B
Leucocytes

C
Platelets

D
Erythrocytes

Solution

B. leucocytes
Solution : leucocytes are the only components that have nucleus . Platelets and erythrocytes do not have nucleus . Serum is the solute and solvent component of blood that does not contain clotting elements and cellular components. The leucocytes are used for the DNA profiling by the DNA isolated from the leucocyte nucleus.
So the correct answer is " Leucocytes"
Question 7
1 / -0

Which ones are simple sequence repeats (SSRs)

A
Minisatellite sequences

B
Microsatellites

C
Pseudogenes

D
Multiple gene family.

Solution

Simple sequence repeats (SSRs), sometimes described as genetic 'stutters,' are DNA tracts in which a short base-pair motif is repeated several to many times in tandem (e.g. CAGCAGCAG). These sequences experience frequent mutations that alter the number of repeats similar to Multigene Family, a set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene.
So, the correct answer is 'Multiple gene family.'
Question 8
1 / -0

Scaling up in biotechnology means.

A
Development of a process in laboratory

B
Development of a laboratory scale plant for obtaining a product

C
Conversion of laboratory scale process to pilot plant scale

D
Conversion of a laboratory scale plant to manufacturing unit

Solution

Scaling up is the process of expanding a process from small scale to a larger scale. So, here scaling up is defined as the conversion of a laboratory scale plant into a manufacturing unit.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not true for stirred tank fermentation?

A
Buffer needed to control

B
Batch and feed possible

C
Control dissolved oxygen

D
Easy in process sampling

Solution

Stirred tank fermenter bioreactors (STBRs) are the reactors most widely employed for culturing of biological agents such as cells, enzymes, or antibodies. They are contractors where the well-mixed among phases is obtained mainly by internal mechanical agitation. It does not control dissolved oxygen.
So, option C is the correct option.
Question 10
1 / -0

During gene amplification the mixture of sample DNA, nucleotides and polymerases is heated to

A
Activate polymerases

B
Activate nucleotides

C
Separate sense and antisense DNA strands

D
Provide energy for different strands

Solution

PCR is an enzymatic process in which a specific region of DNA is replicated over and over again to yield many copies of a particular sequence. This molecular “xeroxing” process involves heating and cooling samples in a precise thermal cycling pattern over ≈30 cycles which causes to separate sense and antisense DNA strands.
So, the correct answer is 'Separate sense and antisense DNA strands.'

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 30

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 30

Score

-

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

E.coli

Acetobacter aceti

Bacillus thuringiensis

Solution

Question 2

Radioacivity

Enzyme catalyzed reaction

Chemical reaction

Polymerase chain reaction

Solution

Question 3

Cut DNA base pairs at specific sites

Cut DNA base pairs at variable sites

Join two DNA segments

Cut RNA base pairs at specific sites

Solution

Question 4

Muller

Mullis

Wilson

Nirenberg

Solution

Question 5

DNA sequencing

Genetic engineering

Study of enzymes

Genetic transformation

Solution

Question 6

Serum

Leucocytes

Platelets

Erythrocytes

Solution

Question 7

Minisatellite sequences

Microsatellites

Pseudogenes

Multiple gene family.

Solution

Question 8

Development of a process in laboratory

Development of a laboratory scale plant for obtaining a product

Conversion of laboratory scale process to pilot plant scale

Conversion of a laboratory scale plant to manufacturing unit

Solution

Question 9

Buffer needed to control

Batch and feed possible

Control dissolved oxygen

Easy in process sampling

Solution

Question 10

Activate polymerases

Activate nucleotides

Separate sense and antisense DNA strands

Provide energy for different strands

Solution

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