Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 36

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Cohen and Boyer isolated an antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid having antibiotic resistance in the year

A
1962

B
1965

C
1972

D
1982

Solution

Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer isolated an antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid which was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance, in the year 1972.
So the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
1 / -0

In the three steps (a, b, c) of polymerase chain reaction, select the correct step

A
c - Extension in presence of heat stable DNA polymerase

B
a - Annealing with two sets of primers

C
b - Denaturation at high temperature

D
a - Denaturation at 50$$^o$$ C
Question 3
1 / -0

Which is wrongly matched ___________________.

A
Somatic hybridisation - Fusion of two diverse cells

B
Vector DNA - Site for tRNA synthesis

C
Micropropagation - In vitro production of plants in large number

D
Callus - Unorganised mass of produced in tissue culture

Solution

A vector is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to transfer foreign genetic material into the desired cell. It is not the site of tRNA synthesis.
So the correct answer is option B.
Question 4
1 / -0

In genetic engineering, antibiotics are used

A
For keeping cultures free of infection

B
To select healthy vectors

C
As selectable markers

D
As sequences where replication starts
Solution
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Selectable markers are genes that aid in the selection of host cells containing vectors (transformants) and the elimination of non-transformants.
Antibiotic resistance genes including tetracycline, ampicillin, kanamycin, and others are valuable selection markers for E.coli.
Ampicillin resistance (ampr) and tetracyclin resistance (tef) are two resistance genes found on plasmid pBR322, which can be used as selectable markers.
The inclusion of restriction sites within the markers tef and ampr makes cell transformation using the recombinant pBR322 simple to choose.Inserting the DNA fragment into the plasmid with the enzymes Pst I or Pvu I puts the DNA insert into the gene amp', rendering ampr inactive.
Bacterial cells carrying such recombinant pBR322 will not grow in the presence of ampicillin, but will thrive in the presence of tetracycline.
Similarly, when the restriction enzymes Bam HI or Sal I are employed, the DNA insert is inserted into the gene tef, rendering it inactive.
Bacterial cells with such recombinant pBR322 will therefore thrive on ampicillin but not on tetracyclin.
Hence, in genetic engineering antibiotics are used as selectable markers.
Question 5
1 / -0

What is true about DNA polymerase used in PCR?

A
It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells.

B
It serves as selectable marker.

C
It is isolated from a virus.

D
It is active at high temperature.

Solution

DNA polymerase enzyme is an essential component for PCR due to its key role in synthesizing new DNA strands. Taq DNA polymerase ( synthesized from the thermophilic bacteria Thermus aquaticus) is the most common enzyme used for PCR amplification. This enzyme is extremely heat resistant with a half-life of 40 minutes at 95°C.
So the correct answer is option D.
Question 6
1 / -0

Amplification of gene of interest by using PCR may go upto

A
0.1 million

B
1.0 million

C
1.0 billion

D
1.0 trillion

Solution

The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used in molecular biology to make many copies of a specific DNA segment. Using PCR, a single copy (or more) of a DNA sequence is exponentially amplified to generate thousands to millions of more copies of that particular DNA segment. The number of double-stranded DNA pieces is doubled in each cycle so that after n cycles we have 2^n (2 to the n: the power) copies of DNA. The cycle is usually repeated 30 times and 1 billion copies are made at the end of 30 PCR cycles.
So the correct answer is option C.
Question 7
1 / -0

In genetic engineering, restriction enzymes are used for cutting

A
Bacterial DNA only

B
Eukaryotic DNA

C
Viral DNA

D
Any DNA fragment

Solution

A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts any DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences (known as restriction sites).
So the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
1 / -0

In PCR, Taq polymerase is used between

A
Extraction and denaturation

B
Denaturation and annealing

C
Annealing and extension

D
Extension and amplification

Solution
Question 9
1 / -0

Identify and tick the correct one :-

A
Gel electrophoresis showing DNA fragments

B
E. coli cloning vector pBR 322 showing restriction sites

C
Polymerase chain reaction

D
None of the above

Solution

The given picture is a picture of the plasmid pBR322, widely used E. coli cloning vectors.
From the labelled part we get restriction sites: BamH I, Hind III, Sal I, Pvu I, Pvu II, Pst I, EcoR I, Cla I.
So the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

Enzymes necessary for recombinant DNA technology are

A
Endonucleases and polymerases

B
Restriction endonucleases and ligases

C
Peptidases and ligases

D
Restriction endonucleases and topoisomerases

Solution

Recombinant DNA technology is the method of joining two or more DNA molecules to create a hybrid. This technology is made possible by two types of enzymes, restriction endonucleases and ligase. A restriction endonuclease recognizes a specific sequence of DNA and cuts within, or close to, that sequence. DNA fragments generated by digestion with a restriction endonuclease can be joined together again by the enzyme ligase.
So the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 36

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 36

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

1962

1965

1972

1982

Solution

Question 2

c - Extension in presence of heat stable DNA polymerase

a - Annealing with two sets of primers

b - Denaturation at high temperature

a - Denaturation at 50$$^o$$ C

Question 3

Somatic hybridisation - Fusion of two diverse cells

Vector DNA - Site for tRNA synthesis

Micropropagation - In vitro production of plants in large number

Callus - Unorganised mass of produced in tissue culture

Solution

Question 4

For keeping cultures free of infection

To select healthy vectors

As selectable markers

As sequences where replication starts

Solution

Question 5

It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells.

It serves as selectable marker.

It is isolated from a virus.

It is active at high temperature.

Solution

Question 6

0.1 million

1.0 million

1.0 billion

1.0 trillion

Solution

Question 7

Bacterial DNA only

Eukaryotic DNA

Viral DNA

Any DNA fragment

Solution

Question 8

Extraction and denaturation

Denaturation and annealing

Annealing and extension

Extension and amplification

Solution

Question 9

Gel electrophoresis showing DNA fragments

E. coli cloning vector pBR 322 showing restriction sites

Polymerase chain reaction

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

Endonucleases and polymerases

Restriction endonucleases and ligases

Peptidases and ligases

Restriction endonucleases and topoisomerases

Solution

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