Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 38

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Question 1
1 / -0

Taq polymerase is isolated from a

A
Virus

B
Bacterium

C
Fungus

D
Protozoan

Solution

A. Correct option -B
B. Explanation for correct option -B

Taq polymerase is a thermally stable DNA polymerase
It is used in a polymerase chain reaction.
It is obtained from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus that lives in the high-temperature regions.
Question 2
1 / -0

One of the methods of which DNA cannot be transferred to the host cell is by

A
Microinjection

B
Gene gun

C
Disarmed pathogen vectors

D
Polymerase chain reaction

Solution

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method used to rapidly make millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sample, not the method to transfer DNA to the host cell.
So the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
1 / -0

In pBR 322, the gene sequence that codes for the proteins involved in replication of the plasmid is

A
Pvu II

B
Cla I

C
rop

D
pst I

Solution

The rop gene in pBR322 codes rop protein, which is involved in stabilizing the interaction between RNA I and RNA II, which in turn prevents the replication of pBR322.
So the correct answer is C.
Question 4
1 / -0

EcoRI is _________

A
A restriction enzyme

B
A plasmid

C
Used to join two DNA fragments

D
The abbreviation for bacterium Escherichia coli

Solution

EcoRI is a restriction endonuclease isolated from the species E. coli.
Question 5
1 / -0

A dicotyledonous plant forms crown gall when

A
Agrobacterium tumefaciens comes in contact with the plant

B
Agrobacterium rhizogenes comes in contact with the plant

C
A specific part of DNA from the Ti plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome

D
A specific part of DNA from the Ri plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome

Solution

Crown gall is a disease caused by the bacterial plant pathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Crown gall bacteria enter plant roots through wounds. Wounds may have been created by planting, grafting, soil insect feeding, root damage from excavation or other forms of physical damage. Pathogenic agrobacteria are attracted to chemicals leaking from plant wound sites, then colonise and firmly attach to injured plant cells. The presence of these plant compounds can activate the transfer of part of their tumour-inducing plasmid (T-DNA) directly into the chromosomal DNA of the host plant cells. The T-DNA, once functional inside the plant cells, code for the production of plant hormones (e.g. indoleacetic acid and cytokinins) and carbon-nitrogen compounds called opines. Opines become food for the resident agrobacteria that colonise around the gall tissue.
So the correct answer is option C.
Question 6
1 / -0

The first Nif genes were isolated from __________________.

A
Klebsiella aerogenes

B
Klebsiella oxytoa

C
Klebsiella pneumonia

D
Klebsiella granulonatis

Solution

C. Klebsiella pneumonia
Solution : The first nif gene for nitrogen fixation was isolated from Klebsiella pneumonia
So the correct answer is " Klebsiella pneumonia"
Question 7
1 / -0

In plasmid pBR322, BR stands for

A
Baculovirus and Retrovirus

B
Boyer and Reed

C
Bollivar and Rodrigues

D
Bacillus and Rhizobium

Solution

pBR322 is a plasmid and was one of the first widely used E. coli cloning vectors. The p stands for "plasmid," and BR for "Bolivar" and "Rodriguez, the scientists who synthesized the plasmid.

So, the correct answer is 'Bollivar and Rodrigues'
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following has revolutionized the discipline of biotechnology ___________________.

A
Restriction endonucleases

B
Discovery of DNA structure

C
Recombinant DNA

D
All of the above

Solution

D. All of the above
Solution : Restriction endonucleases have been helpful to cut DNA at specific size and join our DNA of interest to get a recombinant DNA. Also the structure of DNA revolutionized the whole knoeldge about biotechnology.
So the correct answer is " all of the above"
Question 9
1 / -0

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is most widely used for gene transfer because of/ as

A
It causes crown gall tumours

B
Its ability to insert Ti plasmid into nuclear genome

C
It can grow anywhere

D
It has the ability to kill pathogenic bacteria

Solution

B. Its ability to insert Ti plasmid into nuclear genome
Solution : Agrobacterium tumefaciens is most widely used for gene transfer because it can transfer the Ti plasmid containing the inserted DNA of interest into the host nuclear genome.
So the correct answer is " B. Its ability to insert Ti plasmid into nuclear genome"
Question 10
1 / -0

Restriction endonucleases are

A
Synthesized by bacteria as part of their defence mechanism

B
Used in vitro DNA synthesis

C
Present in mammalian cells to degrade DNA when the cells die

D
Used in genetic engineering for ligation of two DNA molecules
Solution
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The enzymes cut the DNA at inter-nucleosomal linker points between nucleosomes, which are the only exposed portions of the DNA strand and therefore susceptible to CAD.
Taq polymerase is used in this in vitro DNA synthesis to stretch the primer from its 3 end and create freshly synthesised strands in the 3'-->5' end of the template strand.
In genetic engineering, DNA ligase enzymes are employed to bind two DNA molecules together.
Restriction systems detect the origin of incoming DNA and destroy it if it is determined to be alien.
Endonucleases detect particular sequences in incoming DNA and digest it into pieces.
They can cut the DNA at particular locations or more randomly.
Hence, the restriction endonucleases are synthesised by bacteria as a part of their defense mechanism.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 38

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 38

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Virus

Bacterium

Fungus

Protozoan

Solution

Question 2

Microinjection

Gene gun

Disarmed pathogen vectors

Polymerase chain reaction

Solution

Question 3

Pvu II

Cla I

rop

pst I

Solution

Question 4

A restriction enzyme

A plasmid

Used to join two DNA fragments

The abbreviation for bacterium Escherichia coli

Solution

Question 5

Agrobacterium tumefaciens comes in contact with the plant

Agrobacterium rhizogenes comes in contact with the plant

A specific part of DNA from the Ti plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome

A specific part of DNA from the Ri plasmid gets integrated with the plant chromosome

Solution

Question 6

Klebsiella aerogenes

Klebsiella oxytoa

Klebsiella pneumonia

Klebsiella granulonatis

Solution

Question 7

Baculovirus and Retrovirus

Boyer and Reed

Bollivar and Rodrigues

Bacillus and Rhizobium

Solution

Question 8

Restriction endonucleases

Discovery of DNA structure

Recombinant DNA

All of the above

Solution

Question 9

It causes crown gall tumours

Its ability to insert Ti plasmid into nuclear genome

It can grow anywhere

It has the ability to kill pathogenic bacteria

Solution

Question 10

Synthesized by bacteria as part of their defence mechanism

Used in vitro DNA synthesis

Present in mammalian cells to degrade DNA when the cells die

Used in genetic engineering for ligation of two DNA molecules

Solution

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