Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 44

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : The cloning vector is required to have very few, preferably single, recognition sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.Statement 2 : Presence of more than one recognition sites within a cloning vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the process of gene cloning.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct

B
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect

C
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct

D
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect

Solution

When cut by the same restriction enzyme, the resultant DNA fragments have the same kind of 'sticky-ends' produced, which can be joined together (end-to-end) using DNA ligase.Restriction enzymes are of two kinds - exonucleases and endonucleases. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the j ends of the DNA whereas endonucleases make cuts at specific positions within the DNA.Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. Therefore, in order to link the alien DNA (or foreign DNA), the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition/cloning sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
Question 2
1 / -0

How many fragments will be generated on the digestion of a closed circular DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having six recognition sites on the DNA?

A
5

B
7

C
6

D
9

Solution

When a closed circular DNA molecule is digested with a restriction enzyme having six recognition sites, it will produce 6 DNA fragments.
Question 3
1 / -0

Having become an expert on gel electrophoresis, you are asked to examine a gel for a colleague. Where would you find the smallest segments of DNA?

A
Near the positive electrode, farthest away from the wells

B
Near the negative electrode, close to the wells

C
Near the negative electrode, farthest away from the wells

D
Near the middle, they tend to slow down after the first few minutes

Solution

Since DNA is itself negatively charged, it would move towards the positive electrode. In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments are separated on the basis of charge and masses. Thus, smaller the DNA fragment farther it moves from the well.
So, the correct option is A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Precipitates of purified DNA after the addition of chilled ethanol can be seen as a collection of fine threads in suspension. This process is referred as _____________.

A
DNA transformation

B
DNA ligation

C
DNA spooling

D
DNA duplication

Solution

The purified DNA, after treatment with various enzymes, precipitates out after addition of chilled ethanol. This is viewed as a collection of fine threads in the suspension, and is easily collected. The process is known as DNA spooling.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following bacteria is used as a vector for plant genetic engineering?

A
Agrobacterium tumefaciens

B
Bacteriophages

C
Thermus aquaticus

D
Pyrococcus furiosus

Solution

Since A. tumefaciens is a natural plant genetic engineer known to induce tumours in plants by transferring j and integrating its DNA into the host genome. Therefore, by slightly manipulating, i.e., removing the tumour causing genes and replacing them with desired genes, it can be easily used as a plant vector.
So, the correct answer is 'Agrobacterium tumefaciens'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following statements are correct for the enzyme Taq polymerase?

(i) It remains active during the high temperature-induced denaturation of dsDNA.
(ii) It requires primers for carrying out the process of polymerisation.
(iii) It synthesizes the RNA region between the primers, using $$dNTPs$$ and $$Mg^{2+}$$ _______________.

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(ii) and (iii)

C
(i), (ii) and (iii)

D
None of these

Solution

The final step of PCR is the extension, wherein Taq DNA polymerase (isolated from a thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus) synthesizes the DNA region between the primers, using dNTPs (deoxynucleoside triphosphates) and $$Mg^{2+}$$. The primers are extended towards each other so that the DNA segment lying between the two primers is copied. The optimum temperature for this polymerisation step is $$72^o$$$$C$$. Taq polymerase remains active during high temperature-induced denaturation of double-stranded DNA.
Question 7
1 / -0

The polymerase chain reaction is a technique used for ____________.

A
Amplification of DNA

B
Amplification of enzymes

C
Amplification of proteins

D
All of these

Solution

Polymerase chain reaction is a technique used for amplification of DNA fragments. Its amplification cycle involve three steps - denaturation, annealing and polymerisation which are repeated for 'n', cycles.
Question 8
1 / -0

Process used for amplification or multiplication of DNA in DNA fingerprinting is

A
Polymerase chain reaction

B
Southern blotting

C
Northern blotting

D
None of these

Solution

Process used for amplification or multiplication of DNA in DNA fingerprinting is Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) .It is done in invitro system.
So, the correct option is 'Option A' .
Question 9
1 / -0

During isolation of genetic material, the chemical used to precipitate out the purified DNA is

A
Bromophenol blue

B
Chilled ethanol

C
Ethidium bromide

D
Both A and C
Solution
The purified DNA, after treatment with various enzymes, precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol.
This is viewed as a collection of fine threads in the suspension and is easily collected. The process is known as DNA spooling.
So, the correct answer is 'Chilled ethanol'.
Question 10
1 / -0

In the isolation of DNA, removal of protein and RNA is carried out by enzymes _____ and _________ respectively.

A
Lysozyme, Ribonuclease

B
Protease, Cellulase

C
Protease, Ribonuclease

D
Ribonuclease, Chitinase

Solution

In order to cut the DNA with restriction enzymes, it needs to be in pure form, free from other macromolecules. Since the DNA is enclosed by the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA and other macromolecules like RNA, proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids.
It is obtained by treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells) and chitinase (fungus). DNA is intertwined with proteins like histones.
RNA can be removed by treatment with ribonuclease while proteins can be removed by treatment with protease. Other molecules are removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 44

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 44

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct

Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect

Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct

Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect

Solution

Question 2

5

7

6

9

Solution

Question 3

Near the positive electrode, farthest away from the wells

Near the negative electrode, close to the wells

Near the negative electrode, farthest away from the wells

Near the middle, they tend to slow down after the first few minutes

Solution

Question 4

DNA transformation

DNA ligation

DNA spooling

DNA duplication

Solution

Question 5

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Bacteriophages

Thermus aquaticus

Pyrococcus furiosus

Solution

Question 6

(i) and (ii)

(ii) and (iii)

(i), (ii) and (iii)

None of these

Solution

Question 7

Amplification of DNA

Amplification of enzymes

Amplification of proteins

All of these

Solution

Question 8

Polymerase chain reaction

Southern blotting

Northern blotting

None of these

Solution

Question 9

Bromophenol blue

Chilled ethanol

Ethidium bromide

Both A and C

Solution

Question 10

Lysozyme, Ribonuclease

Protease, Cellulase

Protease, Ribonuclease

Ribonuclease, Chitinase

Solution

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