Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 61

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Question 1
1 / -0

Restriction enzyme was discovered by

A
Waksman

B
Flemming

C
Watson and Crick

D
A. Werner, H. Smith and Nathans

Solution

A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites. Werner Arber, Hamilton Smith, and Daniel Nathans received the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for developing the smaller names for the restriction enzymes. They performed experiments proving that there are certain enzymes produced by the bacteria which help in the cleavage of the genomes of the pathogens.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
1 / -0

Amongst the following four statements (A-D) some are wrong.

A) Unarmed pathogen vectors are also used in the transfer of recombinant DNA into the host.
B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macro-molecules.
C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of separating recombinant DNA from other macro-molecules.
D)The first transgenic sheep, Rosie produced enriched milk with human $$\alpha$$-lactalbumin.
Which are the two statements with mistakes?

A
Both A and C

B
Both A and B

C
Both B and D

D
Both C and D
Solution
- Restriction enzymes are essential tools for recombinant DNA technology that cuts DNA at specific recognition site and are used regularly for DNA modification in laboratories.
- Rosie, was the first transgenic cow that produced human protein-enriched milk (because of human gene alpha-lactcalumin) at 2.4 g/ litre.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which one of palindromic base sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme ?

A
5'______ GAATTC ______3'

3'______ CTTAAG ______5'

B
5'______ CACGTA ______3'

3'______ CTCAGT ______5'

C
5'______ CGTTCG ______3'

3'______ ATGGTA ______5'

D
5'______ GATATG ______3'

3'______ CTACTA ______5'

Solution

The palindromic sequence is a nucleic acid sequence (DNA or RNA) which is read same from 5' to 3' on one strand and 5' to 3' on its complementary strand and hence can be cut easily. The sequence in option A is read same from 5' to 3' on one strand and 5' to 3' on its complementary strand (5' GAATTC 3'). The other sequences are not examples of palindromic sequences.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

R II gene of T$${_4}$$ phage which is neutral at this locus do not cause lysis of K strain of Escherichia coli. If two strains (R II and rii*) are mixed and then allowed to infect E. coli, it causes lysis. The correct explanation for this is

A
They belong to same cistron.

B
They belong to two different cistrons.

C
They get reverted to the wild.

D
They get transformed to lytic strains.

Solution

A cistron is the functional unit of a gene that exhibits cis-trans complementation test; a gene carries several cistrons. Thus, a cistron codes for a part of the polypeptide and all the cistrons of a gene together make the whole polypeptide. Lysis and lysogeny are determined by different genes, not by part of same genes. Transformation is the transfer of genetic material from one bacterial strain to other without establishing a physical contact. Transformation of a neutral strain to lytic strain is caused by the transfer of genetic material from lytic strain to neutral strain. As mentioned in the question, lysis is caused by mutant strain, r$$ii^*$$. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
1 / -0

What is an auxotroph?

A
A plant that responds by bending towards the sun

B
A mutant (organism) which has lost its ability to synthesis one or more essential compounds

C
An organism that depends on another organism for meeting its nutritional requirements

D
A plant that is able to synthesize its own carbohydrates
Solution
Solution:
The correct answer is option B .
The solution for the correct option is,
Auxotrophs are microorganisms that are unable to synthesize an essential nutrients because of mutations.
which means the body's inability to create the particular compound needed for its development.
Question 6
1 / -0

Modern biotechnology consists of

A
Genetic engineering

B
Tissue culture

C
Microbiology

D
All of the above
Solution
- Biotechnology is the integration of natural science and organisms.
- Biotechnology involves pure biological sciences like animal cell culture, biochemistry, cell biology, embryology, genetics, microbiology, and molecular biology.
- Modern usage also includes genetic engineering and cell tissue culture technologies.
- So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
1 / -0

Monascus purpureus is a yeast which is commercially used in the production of

A
Citric acid

B
Blood cholesterol lowering statins

C
Ethanol

D
Streptokinase

Solution

Monascus purpureus is commonly called as the red yeast rice. it is used as a supplement and as a drug to lower the blood cholesterol. It is mainly used in the production of drugs like levostatin as medicine that is used to lower the blood cholesterol.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Continuous addition of sugars in a 'fed-batch' fermentation is done to

A
Degrade sewage

B
Produce methane

C
Degrade antibiotics

D
Purify enzymes

Solution

Fed-batch culture is an operational technique where one or more nutrients (substrates) are fed (supplied) to the bioreactor during cultivation and in which the product(s) remain in the bioreactor until the end of the run. Continuous addition of sugars in 'fed-batch' fermentation is done to purify the enzymes. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 9
1 / -0

Nobel Prize of 1978 for restriction endonuclease technology was given to

A
Temin and Baltimore

B
Milstein and Kohler

C
Arber, Nathans and Smith

D
Holley, Khorana and Nirenberg

Solution

The Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine 1978 was awarded jointly to Werner Arber, Daniel Nathans and Hamilton O. Smith for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics. It is the enzyme used in biotechnology for cleaving of DNA molecule at the specific site.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

Using imprints from a culture plate having bacterial colonies, you can select, streptomycin resistant mutants and prove that such mutations do not originate as adaptation. The imprints need to be inoculated on

A
Plates with and without streptomycin

B
Plates with minimal medium

C
Plates with streptomycin

D
Plates without streptomycin

Solution

Adaptation is a trait of an organism related to a current functional role in its lifecycle. Further, mutations which are heritable change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA while they bring about genotypic change, may not have phenotypic consequences. To prove that resistant mutants are unable to spontaneously show clonal appearance, the imprints need to be inoculated on culture plate with streptomycin.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 61

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 61

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Waksman

Flemming

Watson and Crick

A. Werner, H. Smith and Nathans

Solution

Question 2

Both A and C

Both A and B

Both B and D

Both C and D

Solution

Question 3

5'______ GAATTC ______3' 3'______ CTTAAG ______5'

5'______ CACGTA ______3'3'______ CTCAGT ______5'

5'______ CGTTCG ______3'3'______ ATGGTA ______5'

5'______ GATATG ______3'3'______ CTACTA ______5'

Solution

Question 4

They belong to same cistron.

They belong to two different cistrons.

They get reverted to the wild.

They get transformed to lytic strains.

Solution

Question 5

A plant that responds by bending towards the sun

A mutant (organism) which has lost its ability to synthesis one or more essential compounds

An organism that depends on another organism for meeting its nutritional requirements

A plant that is able to synthesize its own carbohydrates

Solution

Question 6

Genetic engineering

Tissue culture

Microbiology

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Citric acid

Blood cholesterol lowering statins

Ethanol

Streptokinase

Solution

Question 8

Degrade sewage

Produce methane

Degrade antibiotics

Purify enzymes

Solution

Question 9

Temin and Baltimore

Milstein and Kohler

Arber, Nathans and Smith

Holley, Khorana and Nirenberg

Solution

Question 10

Plates with and without streptomycin

Plates with minimal medium

Plates with streptomycin

Plates without streptomycin

Solution

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5' GAATTC 3'

3' CTTAAG 5'

5' CACGTA 3'

3' CTCAGT 5'

5' CGTTCG 3'

3' ATGGTA 5'

5' GATATG 3'

3' CTACTA 5'