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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 34

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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 34
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Formation of additional embryo from part of the same embryo or embryo sac is
    Solution
    • Polyembryony is the phenomenon of occurrence of two or more embryos in one ovule. When the embryos arise in the same embryo sac it is known as true polyembryony. 
    • When extra embryos develop in one embryo sac other than the zygotic embryo sac, it is known as false polyembryony. 
    • When the embryos are formed from cells of nucellus which penetrate into the embryo sac, it is known as adventitious polyembryony such as in mango.
    • Sometimes when one of the embryo develops from synergid, which is haploid tissue and other from nucellus which is diploid, then it is known as haploid-diploid polyembryony such as in flax. 
    • Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    In false polyembryony there is 
    Solution
    The phenomenon of development of more than one embryos in a seed is known as polyembryony. It may be classified into true and false polyembryony. In true polyembryony, the embryos arise in the same embryo sac in which zygotic embryo has developed while in false polyembryony, extra embryos develop in another embryo sac.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Removal of stamens from bisexual parents before they burst and have shed their pollens is called:
    Solution
    Removal of stamens from bisexual parents before they burst and have shed their pollens is called emasculation. It is performed by plant breeders to obtain the desired variety of a plant by crossing a particular plant with the desired pollen grain.
    So, the correct option is 'emasculation'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Water is not required in the fertilization of
    Solution
    • Dryopteris and Selaginella are Bryophytes. Bryophytes require water for fertilization because their gametes are released in water, thus, fusion occurs inside the water and a diploid zygote is formed which then develops into a sporophyte.
    • Vallisneria is a submerged hydrophyte. In Vallisneria, the male flowers detach on maturity and float on the surface of the water while the female flowers grow under water and they come up to the surface with the help of their thin long stalk. As the stalk grows further, the flowers which were vertical become horizontal and thus, a cup-like depression is formed around the female flower. The male flowers which are floating on the surface of the water, fall into the cup and due to jerk, the anthers dehisce and pollens are transferred to the stigma and thus, pollination occurs on the surface of the water. 
    • Pisum or the pea plant is a bisexual plant having male and female flowers on the same plant. Thus, self-pollination occurs in pea plant.
    • Maize which is also known as Corn plant is pollinated by wind. The anthers are born in long tassels that move with the wind and shake off their pollen. The stigma is feathery and hairy so as to catch the wind-borne pollen. Thus, in Maize, pollens are transferred from the anthers of one plant to the stigma of another plant by means of wind i.e. cross-pollination occurs by the wind. 
    • Hence, water is not required for the fertilization of Pisum and Maize. So, the correct answer is D.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In Maize, the type of pollination is 
    Solution
    Maize plant use air for its pollination and this is the reason its pollens are light and non-sticky, stigma are hairy, long and free to capture pollens.
    So the correct option is 'Pollination by air'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Nucellar polyembryony is reported in species of
    Solution
    Citrus exhibits polyembryonic seed development, an apomictic process in which many maternally derived embryos arise from the nucellus surrounding the developing zygotic embryo. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Citrus'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is not found in maize seed?
    Solution
    • In some seeds, Perisperm is a mass of nutritive material outside the embryo sac. It is derived from the nucellus and deposited externally to the embryo sac. For example, seeds of coffee, black pepper.
    • In maize seeds the perisperm is absent.
    • As maize is a monocot Coleorhiza, Coleoptile and Scutellum are found in maize.
    • Hence perisperm  is not found in maize seed
    • So, the correct answer is 'Perisperm'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The pollen grain is 
    Solution
    Pollen grain is an immature male gametophyte as it has two cells out of which one develops into two male gametes after pollination. The generative cell of pollen undergoes mitosis to form two male gametes. So, pollen is a immature or partially developed male gametophyte. Correct answer is D.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    In a type of apomixis known as adventive embryony, embryos develop directly from the 
    Solution
    Adventive embryony is the process of the embryonic development without fertilization. The embryo does not develops from the reproductive cells or the gametes. They may develop from the nucellus or integumentary cells.
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    What is common between vegetative reproduction and Apomixis?
    Solution
    Both apomixis and vegetative reproduction produces progeny identical to parent. Apomixis was defined by Hans Winkler as replacement of the normal sexual reproduction by asexual reproduction, without fertilization.
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