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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 52

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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 52
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The chief pollinators of our agri horticultural crops are .....................
    Solution
    The most recognized pollinators are the various species of bees, which are plainly adapted to pollination. Bees typically are fuzzy and carry an electrostatic charge. Both featured help pollen grains adhere to their bodies, but they also have specialized pollen carrying structures; in most bees , this takes the form of a structure known as the scopa, which is on the hind legs of most bees, and the lower abdomen, made up of thick, plumose setae, honey bees, bumble bees and their relatives do not have a scopa, but the hind leg is modified into a structure called as corbicula. Most bees gather nectar, a concentrated energy source and pollen, which is high protein food, to nurture their young and inadvertently transfer some among the flowers as they are working.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    In which plants, there will be less pollen wasted, no agent required and fertilization is sure to occur. The plants that undergo 
    Solution
    The term autogamy is used for pollination and describes self-pollination within the same flower, distinguished from geitonogamy, transfer of pollen to a different flower on the same flowering plant or within a single monoecious gymnosperm plant. So, in these kind of plants pollination agents are not required.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Bees are very important for agriculturists as .................
    Solution
    The most recognized pollinators are the various species of bees, which are plainly adapted to pollination. Bees typically are fuzzy and carry an electrostatic charge. Both features help pollen grains adhere to their bodies but they also have specialized pollen carrying structures; in most bees takes the form of a structure known as scopa, which is on the hind  legs of most bees, and or the lower abdomen made up of thick plumose setae. Honey bees, bumblebees and their relatives do not have a scopa, but the hind leg is modified into a struture called the corbicula. Most bees gather nectar, a concentrated energy source and pollen, which is high protein food, to nurture their young and inadvertently transfer some among the flowers as they are working.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The largest inflorescence of the world is pollinated by ..................
    Solution
    Puya raimondii, which is also known as 'Queen of the Andes' is the largest inflorescence. It is pollinated by the help of snails and slugs. It is thus called as Malacophily. It is classified under spadix inflorescence.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In Xenia, pollen affects the ...................
    Solution

    Xenia in plants is the effect of pollen on seeds and fruit. The term was coined in 1881 by Wilhelm Olbers Focke to refer to effects on maternal tissues, including seed coat and pericarp, but at that time endosperm was also thought to be a maternal tissue, and the term became closely associated with endosperm effects. The term metaxenia was later coined and is still sometimes used to describe the effects on purely maternal tissues.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    In Rafflesia, pollination is carried by ..................
    Solution
    Rafflesia have a reddish-brown colouration and stink of rotting flesh. This scent attracts insects such as flies which then pollinate the rare plant. The flowers are unisexual A foul smell of rotting meat attracts certain types of flies and bettle that visit decomposing material also called the carrion flies to pollinate. To pollinate successfully, the flies and beetles must visit the male flower first and then the female flower.
    So, the correct answer is 'Carrion flies'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Sporopollenin, a chemical substance is found in ............................
    Solution
    Sporopollenin is a major component of the tough outer walls called as exine walls of plant spores and pollen grains. It is chemically very stable and usually well preserved in soils and sediments. The chemical composition of sporopollenin is not exactly known due to its unusual chemical stability and resistance to degradation by enzymes and string chemical reagents.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    In an apomict,
    Solution
    In an apomict, seeds can be produced without fertilization. This process is called apomixis. Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction. It includes abnormal sexual reproduction in which egg or other cells like synergids and antipodals develop into an embryo without fertilization and meiosis. In apomicts, somatic cells can mix up and form the embryo under natural conditions. Somatic cells like nucellus can form an embryo in nucellar apomixis.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Recurrent apomixis involves
    Solution
    Two different types of agamospermy have been recognized based on whether the embryo develops from a cell of the unreduced female gametophyte (gametophytic agamospermy) or directly from diploid sporophytic cells of the ovule such as nucellus or integuments (sporophytic or adventive embryony).
    In gametophytic apomixis, an unreduced embryo sac develops from the megaspore mother cell by circumvention of meiosis (diplospory) or directly from a cell in the nucellus (somatic apospory).     In apospory, megaspore mother cell is not differentiated and diploid somatic cell acts as a spore. In adventive embryony, spore itself is not differentiated.  When embryo develops directly from a diploid egg the process is also called as recurrent agamospermy or generative apospory. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Even in absence of pollinating agents seed-setting is assured in 
    Solution
    A. Salvia is pollinated by insects by the turn pipe mechanism.
    B. Fig is pollinated by a wasp. The wasp lays egg in the fig fruits and in turn fig is pollinated.
    C. Commelina is a cleistogamous flower which never opens. The pollen from anther lobe fall on the stigma of the same flower and thus, pollination is not dependent on any external agency i.e. pollinators.
    D. Zostera is a marine grass which is pollinated inside water.
    Hence, seed setting is assured even in the absence of pollinating agents in Commelina.
    So, the correct answer is 'Commelina'.
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