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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 53

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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Test - 53
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    What is common feature between vegetative reproduction and apomixis?
    Solution
    Vegetative reproduction term is applied for asexual reproduction in plants. As no sex cells are involved there is no variation seen in progeny and progeny is identical to parent. Apomixis means reproduction without mixing of gametes. Amphimixis means reproduction which involves mixing of gametes. As gametes are not involved in  vegetative reproduction and apomixis, the progeny is identical to parent and is called clone of parent.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Upon fertilization while ovule develops into seed. Which structure develop from a carpel?
    Solution
    • Upon fertilization, while ovule develops into a seed. Pericarp develops from carpel. 
    • The pericarp is typically made up of three distinct layers, the epicarp, which is the outermost layer, the mesocarp, which is the middle layer, and the endocarp, which is the inner layer surrounding the ovary or the seeds. 
    • In a citrus fruit, the epicarp and mesocarp make up the peel.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 3
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    Study of pollen grain is called as .........................
    Solution
    Pollen grains are haploid microspores produced in higher plants like gymnosperms and angiosperms. In higher plants the pollen grains produce male gametes by the process of mitosis. The study of pollen grains is called palynology. It is useful in forensics, evolutionary studies etc. The important pollen characters that are studied are number, position and character of aperture, encrustations of exine, viability, longevity etc.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The joint between pedicel and a single stamen of male flower in a cyathium represents 
    Solution
    The joint between pedicel and a single stamen of male flower in a cyathium represents a node.
    Cyathium inflorescence shows the presence of achlamydeous flowers. Achlamydeous flowers are flowers without a perianth. The node is the point on a stem where a leaf is attached or has been attached but as cyanthia lacks a perianth therfore. The joint between pedicel and a single stamen of male flower in a cyathium represents a node.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Such kind of structures favour .......... pollination.

    Solution
    This kind of flowers favour pollination by bees. It is known as melittophilous method of pollination. Some bee flowers tend to be yellow or blue in colour, often with ultraviolet nectar guides and scent. Nectar, pollen or both are offered as rewards in varying amounts. The sugar in the nectar tends to be sucrose dominated.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Best example of polyembryony is .................
    Solution
    • Polyembryony has been defined as the occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed. 
    • However, the additional embryos may not always mature. 
    • They may become arrested at very early stages and may degenerate during the course of seed development. 
    • Except for a few taxa like Citrus and Mangifera, polyembryony occurs only as an abnormal feature. 
    • Polyembryony in plants may arise by
    (i) Cleavage of proembryo. It is widespread in gymnosperms.
    (ii) Formation of embryos by cells of the embryo sac other than egg as in Aristolochia, Poa etc. 
    (iii) Development of more than one embryo sac within the same ovule example Casuarina 
    (iv) Activation of some sporophytic cells of the ovule as in Citrus. 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    In which of the following fruits, a multicarpellary ovary is not found?
    Solution
    Apple developes from inferior ovary. It has soft mesocarp and coratious endocarp.
    The coconut is a drupe, a multicarpellary ovary is not found  in coconut. The mesocarp is fibrous or dry (termed a husk), so this type of fruit is classified as a simple dry fruit, fibrous drupe. Unlike other drupes, the coconut seed is unlikely to be dispersed by being swallowed by fauna, due to its large size. It can, however, float extremely long distances across oceans.
    Fig is multiple fruit known as synconium type of fruit. It is fleshy, formed from entire inflorescence lined inside with numerous female flowers, each forming tiny one seeded drupelet.
    In a guava entire pericarp is fleshy, although skin is rough sometimes, many seeded. It is a berry type of fleshy fruit.
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which one among the following is the true nut?
    Solution
    A true nut is a fruit composed of a hard shell and an edible seed. The shell does not open to release the seed (indehiscent), e.g., hazelnut, chestnuts, walnuts, almonds and pecans are drupes.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The fruit of coconut is 
    Solution
    Correct option: B
    Explanation:
    • In drupe, the mesocarp is succulent and edible. Ex- coconut.
    • The pericarp is differentiated into epicarp and mesocarp.
    • In the case of nuts, the pericarp is woody and harder. Ex- litchi.
    • In berries, all the layers are soft and edible except the seeds. Ex- brinjal, guava, etc.
    • Samara has an expanded pericarp that forms wings and aid in dispersal. Ex- Elm.
    Hence, the fruit of coconut is "drupe".
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    A characteristic of castor seed is the presence of caruncle which develops from
    Solution
    The seed is endospermic in Ricinus. A characteristic of castor seed is the presenee of caruncle which develops from peduncle. The fruit is a spiny, greenish capsule containing large, oval, shiny, bean-like, highly poisonous seeds with variable brownish mottling.
    A capsule is a type of simple, dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. A capsule is a structure composed of two or more carpels. Castor seeds have a warty appendage called as the caruncle, which is a type of elaiosome. The seeds are endospermic or albuminous where the embryo is embedded in the endosperm and nucellus, which the seedling will use upon germination. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
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